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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 31, 2024 National HR 7024 Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (357 - 70)
May 11, 2023 National HR 1163 Protecting Taxpayers and Victims of Unemployment Fraud Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 200)
Jan. 9, 2023 National HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
Dec. 22, 2022 National HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
Dec. 28, 2020 National HR 9051 Caring for Americans with Supplemental Help (CASH) Act of 2020 Bill Passed - House (275 - 134)
Feb. 7, 2020 National HR 5687 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief and Puerto Rico Disaster Tax Relief Act, 2020 Bill Passed - House (237 - 161)
Dec. 19, 2019 National HR 5377 Restoring Tax Fairness for States and Localities Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
Sept. 28, 2018 National HR 6760 Protecting Family and Small Business Tax Cuts Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (220 - 191)
Sept. 27, 2018 National HR 6757 Family Savings Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (240 - 177)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
Dec. 20, 2017 National HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (224 - 201)
Dec. 20, 2017 National HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 48)
Dec. 19, 2017 National HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Conference Report Adopted - House (227 - 203)
Dec. 2, 2017 National HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 49)
Nov. 16, 2017 National HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 205)
Dec. 18, 2015 National HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (65 - 33)
Dec. 18, 2015 National HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (316 - 113)
Dec. 17, 2015 National HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (318 - 109)
Dec. 11, 2015 National HR 644 Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 Conference Report Adopted - House (256 - 158)
Oct. 1, 2015 National HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
June 18, 2015 National HR 160 Protect Medical Innovation Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (280 - 140)
May 20, 2015 National HR 880 American Research and Competitiveness Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
April 16, 2015 National HR 622 State and Local Sales Tax Deduction Fairness Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (272 - 152)
April 16, 2015 National HR 1105 Death Tax Repeal Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (240 - 179)
Feb. 13, 2015 National HR 636 America's Small Business Tax Relief Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (272 - 142)
Feb. 12, 2015 National HR 644 America Gives More Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (279 - 137)
July 30, 2014 National S 2569 Bring Jobs Home Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 42)
July 29, 2014 National S Amdt 3583 Appropriates Funds to the Highway Trust Fund Amendment Adopted - Senate (66 - 31)
July 29, 2014 National S Amdt 3584 Transportation Empowerment Act Amendment Rejected - Senate (28 - 69)
June 11, 2014 National S 2432 Bank on Students Emergency Loan Refinancing Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 38)
May 9, 2014 National HR 4438 American Research and Competitiveness Act of 2014 Bill Passed - House (274 - 131)
Feb. 26, 2014 National HR 3865 Stop Targeting of Political Beliefs by the IRS Act of 2014 Bill Passed - House (243 - 176)
Dec. 18, 2013 National H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (64 - 36)
Dec. 12, 2013 National H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (332 - 94)
Sept. 30, 2013 National H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
Sept. 29, 2013 National H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (248 - 174)
Aug. 2, 2013 National H Amdt 448 Requires Congressional Approval Prior to Establishing a Tax on Carbon Emissions Amendment Adopted - House (237 - 176)
July 24, 2013 National S Amdt 1778 Limits Interest Rates for Certain Federal Student Loans Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
May 6, 2013 National S 743 Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013 Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 27)
April 25, 2013 National S 743 Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013 Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 30)
April 15, 2013 National HR 249 Federal Employee Tax Accountability Act of 2013 Bill Failed - House (250 - 159)
March 23, 2013 National S Con Res 8 An Original Concurrent Resolution Setting Forth the Congressional Budget for the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2014, Revising the Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Year 2013, and Setting Forth the Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Years 2015 Through 2023 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
March 21, 2013 National H Con Res 25 Establishing the Budget for the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2014 and Setting Forth Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Years 2015 Through 2023 Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 207)
Jan. 1, 2013 National HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (257 - 167)
Jan. 1, 2013 National HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Bill Passed - Senate (89 - 8)
Aug. 2, 2012 National HR 6169 Pathway to Job Creation through a Simpler, Fairer Tax Code Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (232 - 189)
Aug. 1, 2012 National HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (256 - 171)
July 31, 2012 National HR 828 Federal Employee Tax Accountability Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (263 - 114)
July 25, 2012 National S Amdt 2573 Tax Hike Prevention Act of 2012 Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 54)
July 25, 2012 National S 3412 Middle Class Tax Cut Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
July 19, 2012 National S 3364 Bring Jobs Home Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
July 12, 2012 National S 2237 Small Business Jobs and Tax Relief Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
June 7, 2012 National HR 436 Repeals Excise Tax on Medical Devices Bill Passed - House (270 - 146)
April 19, 2012 National HR 9 Income Tax Deduction for Small Businesses Bill Passed - House (235 - 173)
April 16, 2012 National S 2230 Establishes a Minimum 30 Percent Tax Rate for High-Income Taxpayers Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 29, 2012 National S 2204 Amends Energy-Related Tax Credits Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
March 29, 2012 National H Con Res 112 Limits Federal Appropriations for Fiscal Years 2013-2022 ("Ryan Budget") Joint Resolution Passed - House (228 - 191)
Feb. 17, 2012 National HR 3630 Extends Payroll Tax Cut Conference Report Adopted - House (293 - 132)
Feb. 17, 2012 National HR 3630 Extends Payroll Tax Cut Conference Report Adopted - Senate (60 - 36)
Dec. 20, 2011 National HR 3630 Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Extension Nonconcurrence Vote Passed - House (229 - 193)
Dec. 17, 2011 National S Amdt 1465 Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Extension Amendment Adopted - Senate (89 - 10)
Dec. 14, 2011 National S J Res 10 Proposing a Balanced Budget Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Hatch Bill) Amendment Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
Dec. 14, 2011 National S J Res 24 Proposing a Balanced Budget Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Udall Bill) Amendment Rejected - Senate (21 - 79)
Dec. 13, 2011 National HR 3630 Reduces Payroll Taxes and Unemployment Benefits Bill Passed - House (234 - 193)
Dec. 1, 2011 National S 1917 Extends Payroll Tax Cut and Establishes Tax on Income Over $1 Million Motion Rejected - Senate (51 - 49)
Dec. 1, 2011 National S 1931 Reduces Payroll Tax Rate Motion Rejected - Senate (20 - 78)
Nov. 10, 2011 National S Amdt 928 American Jobs and Economic Growth Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 56)
Nov. 3, 2011 National S 1769 Transportation Infrastructure Appropriations and Tax on Income Over $1 Million Motion Rejected - Senate (51 - 49)
Oct. 27, 2011 National HR 2576 Requires Inclusion of Social Security Benefits in Calculation of Modified Adjusted Gross Income Bill Passed - House (262 - 157)
Oct. 11, 2011 National S 1660 American Jobs Act of 2011 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
June 14, 2011 National S Amdt 436 Repeals the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (40 - 59)
May 17, 2011 National S 940 Amending Oil Company Tax Laws Motion Rejected - Senate (52 - 48)
Feb. 2, 2011 National S Amdt 9 Repealing the IRS 1099 Provision from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Motion Agreed - Senate (81 - 17)
Feb. 2, 2011 National S Amdt 28 Repealing the IRS 1099 Provision from the Health Care Bill Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 54)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/31 HR 7024 Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (357 - 70)
5/11 HR 1163 Protecting Taxpayers and Victims of Unemployment Fraud Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 200)
1/09 HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
12/22 HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
12/28 HR 9051 Caring for Americans with Supplemental Help (CASH) Act of 2020 Bill Passed - House (275 - 134)
2/07 HR 5687 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief and Puerto Rico Disaster Tax Relief Act, 2020 Bill Passed - House (237 - 161)
12/19 HR 5377 Restoring Tax Fairness for States and Localities Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
9/28 HR 6760 Protecting Family and Small Business Tax Cuts Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (220 - 191)
9/27 HR 6757 Family Savings Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (240 - 177)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
12/20 HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (224 - 201)
12/20 HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 48)
12/19 HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Conference Report Adopted - House (227 - 203)
12/02 HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 49)
11/16 HR 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 205)
12/18 HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (65 - 33)
12/18 HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (316 - 113)
12/17 HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (318 - 109)
12/11 HR 644 Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 Conference Report Adopted - House (256 - 158)
10/01 HR 2029 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
6/18 HR 160 Protect Medical Innovation Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (280 - 140)
5/20 HR 880 American Research and Competitiveness Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
4/16 HR 622 State and Local Sales Tax Deduction Fairness Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (272 - 152)
4/16 HR 1105 Death Tax Repeal Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (240 - 179)
2/13 HR 636 America's Small Business Tax Relief Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (272 - 142)
2/12 HR 644 America Gives More Act of 2015 Bill Passed - House (279 - 137)
7/30 S 2569 Bring Jobs Home Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 42)
7/29 S Amdt 3583 Appropriates Funds to the Highway Trust Fund Amendment Adopted - Senate (66 - 31)
7/29 S Amdt 3584 Transportation Empowerment Act Amendment Rejected - Senate (28 - 69)
6/11 S 2432 Bank on Students Emergency Loan Refinancing Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 38)
5/09 HR 4438 American Research and Competitiveness Act of 2014 Bill Passed - House (274 - 131)
2/26 HR 3865 Stop Targeting of Political Beliefs by the IRS Act of 2014 Bill Passed - House (243 - 176)
12/18 H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (64 - 36)
12/12 H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (332 - 94)
9/30 H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
9/29 H J Res 59 Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (248 - 174)
8/02 H Amdt 448 Requires Congressional Approval Prior to Establishing a Tax on Carbon Emissions Amendment Adopted - House (237 - 176)
7/24 S Amdt 1778 Limits Interest Rates for Certain Federal Student Loans Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
5/06 S 743 Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013 Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 27)
4/25 S 743 Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013 Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 30)
4/15 HR 249 Federal Employee Tax Accountability Act of 2013 Bill Failed - House (250 - 159)
3/23 S Con Res 8 An Original Concurrent Resolution Setting Forth the Congressional Budget for the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2014, Revising the Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Year 2013, and Setting Forth the Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Years 2015 Through 2023 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
3/21 H Con Res 25 Establishing the Budget for the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2014 and Setting Forth Appropriate Budgetary Levels for Fiscal Years 2015 Through 2023 Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 207)
1/01 HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (257 - 167)
1/01 HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Bill Passed - Senate (89 - 8)
8/02 HR 6169 Pathway to Job Creation through a Simpler, Fairer Tax Code Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (232 - 189)
8/01 HR 8 Job Protection and Recession Prevention Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (256 - 171)
7/31 HR 828 Federal Employee Tax Accountability Act of 2012 Bill Passed - House (263 - 114)
7/25 S Amdt 2573 Tax Hike Prevention Act of 2012 Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 54)
7/25 S 3412 Middle Class Tax Cut Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
7/19 S 3364 Bring Jobs Home Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
7/12 S 2237 Small Business Jobs and Tax Relief Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
6/07 HR 436 Repeals Excise Tax on Medical Devices Bill Passed - House (270 - 146)
4/19 HR 9 Income Tax Deduction for Small Businesses Bill Passed - House (235 - 173)
4/16 S 2230 Establishes a Minimum 30 Percent Tax Rate for High-Income Taxpayers Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/29 S 2204 Amends Energy-Related Tax Credits Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
3/29 H Con Res 112 Limits Federal Appropriations for Fiscal Years 2013-2022 ("Ryan Budget") Joint Resolution Passed - House (228 - 191)
2/17 HR 3630 Extends Payroll Tax Cut Conference Report Adopted - House (293 - 132)
2/17 HR 3630 Extends Payroll Tax Cut Conference Report Adopted - Senate (60 - 36)
12/20 HR 3630 Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Extension Nonconcurrence Vote Passed - House (229 - 193)
12/17 S Amdt 1465 Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Extension Amendment Adopted - Senate (89 - 10)
12/14 S J Res 10 Proposing a Balanced Budget Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Hatch Bill) Amendment Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
12/14 S J Res 24 Proposing a Balanced Budget Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Udall Bill) Amendment Rejected - Senate (21 - 79)
12/13 HR 3630 Reduces Payroll Taxes and Unemployment Benefits Bill Passed - House (234 - 193)
12/01 S 1917 Extends Payroll Tax Cut and Establishes Tax on Income Over $1 Million Motion Rejected - Senate (51 - 49)
12/01 S 1931 Reduces Payroll Tax Rate Motion Rejected - Senate (20 - 78)
11/10 S Amdt 928 American Jobs and Economic Growth Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 56)
11/03 S 1769 Transportation Infrastructure Appropriations and Tax on Income Over $1 Million Motion Rejected - Senate (51 - 49)
10/27 HR 2576 Requires Inclusion of Social Security Benefits in Calculation of Modified Adjusted Gross Income Bill Passed - House (262 - 157)
10/11 S 1660 American Jobs Act of 2011 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
6/14 S Amdt 436 Repeals the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (40 - 59)
5/17 S 940 Amending Oil Company Tax Laws Motion Rejected - Senate (52 - 48)
2/02 S Amdt 9 Repealing the IRS 1099 Provision from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Motion Agreed - Senate (81 - 17)
2/02 S Amdt 28 Repealing the IRS 1099 Provision from the Health Care Bill Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 54)
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