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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 24, 1998 National S Amdt 2912 Bosnia and Herzegovina Withdrawal Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (65 - 31)
June 24, 1998 National H Amdt 705 Chemical Inducement of Abortion Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (223 - 202)
June 24, 1998 National HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (59 - 36)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
June 18, 1998 National HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Conference Report Adopted - House (225 - 197)
June 17, 1998 National H Amdt 688 Campaign Finance Reform Commission Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (156 - 201)
June 17, 1998 National HR 3097 Tax Code Termination bill Bill Passed - House (219 - 209)
June 9, 1998 National S Amdt 2451 Illegal Drug Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (52 - 46)
June 5, 1998 National H Con Res 284 Budget Resolution FY98 Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
June 4, 1998 National S Amdt 2438 Underage Tobacco Usage amendment Amendment Not Tabled - Senate (29 - 66)
June 4, 1998 National S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - House (364 - 50)
June 4, 1998 National H J Res 78 Religious Freedom Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (224 - 203)
June 4, 1998 National H Con Res 285 Tiananmen Square Resolution Resolution Passed - House (305 - 116)
May 22, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 5)
May 22, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
May 22, 1998 National HR 2709 Iran Missile Sanctions bill Bill Passed - Senate (90 - 4)
May 21, 1998 National HR 3616 Defense Department FY99 Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (357 - 60)
May 20, 1998 National H Amdt 643 Abortion Private Funding Restoration Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 232)
May 18, 1998 National S Amdt 2417 U.S. Citizen Recruitment Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (59 - 39)
May 18, 1998 National S 1723 Non-Immigrant Specialty Workers bill Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
May 14, 1998 National HR 2431 Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (375 - 41)
May 13, 1998 National H Amdt 621 Enhance Banking Flexibility Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (140 - 281)
May 13, 1998 National S 1260 Securities Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 21)
May 13, 1998 National HR 10 Financial Services Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (214 - 213)
May 12, 1998 National S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 8)
May 6, 1998 National HR 6 Higher Education Programs Authorization Extension bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 4)
May 5, 1998 National HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - Senate (91 - 7)
April 30, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (242 - 163)
April 30, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 11)
April 30, 1998 National S 1502 Washington, D.C. School Vouchers bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
April 29, 1998 National HR 3717 Needle Exchange Funding Ban Bill Passed - House (287 - 140)
April 28, 1998 National HR 1757 State Department FY98-99 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
April 23, 1998 National HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
April 22, 1998 National H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
April 2, 1998 National S Con Res 86 Budget Resolution FY99 Resolution Passed - Senate (57 - 41)
April 1, 1998 National S Amdt 2175 School Modernization Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (54 - 46)
April 1, 1998 National S Amdt 2169 Medicare Choices Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 47)
April 1, 1998 National H Amdt 548 Disadvantaged Business Enterprise Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 225)
April 1, 1998 National S Amdt 2209 Personal Retirement Accounts Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
April 1, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
March 31, 1998 National S Amdt 2168 Tobacco Immunity Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (79 - 19)
March 31, 1998 National S Amdt 2165 Deficit Neutral Reserve Fund Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
March 31, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
March 30, 1998 National HR 3581 Campaign Finance Reform bill Bill Failed - House (74 - 337)
March 30, 1998 National HR 3582 Campaign Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (405 - 6)
March 27, 1998 National H Amdt 542 Road Construction Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (200 - 187)
March 27, 1998 National HR 2515 Forest Recovery and Protection bill Bill Failed - House (181 - 201)
March 26, 1998 National HR 3246 Small Business and Employee Fairness bill Bill Passed - House (202 - 200)
March 18, 1998 National H Con Res 227 Bosnia and Herzegovina U.S. Troop Removal Resolution Resolution Failed - House (193 - 225)
March 17, 1998 National H Res 364 Human Rights in China Resolution Passed - House (397 - 0)
March 13, 1998 National S Con Res 78 Saddam Hussein War Crime Prosecution bill Resolution Passed - Senate (93 - 0)
March 12, 1998 National S Amdt 1676 Intermodal Transportation Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (96 - 4)
March 11, 1998 National HR 1432 African Growth bill Bill Passed - House (233 - 186)
March 6, 1998 National S Amdt 1708 Disadvantaged Business Enterprises Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (58 - 37)
March 4, 1998 National S Amdt 1682 Blood Alcohol Content Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (62 - 32)
March 4, 1998 National HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
Feb. 26, 1998 National S Amdt 1646 Campaign Finance Reform Amendment Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
Feb. 25, 1998 National HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
Feb. 25, 1998 National H Amdt 497 Death Sentence Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (113 - 300)
Feb. 24, 1998 National HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
Feb. 11, 1998 National S 1601 Human Cloning Research bill Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (42 - 54)
Feb. 10, 1998 National PN 623 David Satcher, Surgeon General of the Public Health Service Nomination Confirmed - Senate (63 - 35)
Feb. 5, 1998 National HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - House (347 - 69)
Feb. 5, 1998 National HR 2846 National Student Testing bill Bill Passed - House (242 - 174)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/24 S Amdt 2912 Bosnia and Herzegovina Withdrawal Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (65 - 31)
6/24 H Amdt 705 Chemical Inducement of Abortion Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (223 - 202)
6/24 HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (59 - 36)
6/24 HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
6/24 HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
6/22 HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
6/22 HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
6/18 HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Conference Report Adopted - House (225 - 197)
6/17 H Amdt 688 Campaign Finance Reform Commission Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (156 - 201)
6/17 HR 3097 Tax Code Termination bill Bill Passed - House (219 - 209)
6/09 S Amdt 2451 Illegal Drug Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (52 - 46)
6/05 H Con Res 284 Budget Resolution FY98 Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
6/04 S Amdt 2438 Underage Tobacco Usage amendment Amendment Not Tabled - Senate (29 - 66)
6/04 S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - House (364 - 50)
6/04 H J Res 78 Religious Freedom Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (224 - 203)
6/04 H Con Res 285 Tiananmen Square Resolution Resolution Passed - House (305 - 116)
5/22 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 5)
5/22 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
5/22 HR 2709 Iran Missile Sanctions bill Bill Passed - Senate (90 - 4)
5/21 HR 3616 Defense Department FY99 Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (357 - 60)
5/20 H Amdt 643 Abortion Private Funding Restoration Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 232)
5/18 S Amdt 2417 U.S. Citizen Recruitment Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (59 - 39)
5/18 S 1723 Non-Immigrant Specialty Workers bill Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
5/14 HR 2431 Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (375 - 41)
5/13 H Amdt 621 Enhance Banking Flexibility Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (140 - 281)
5/13 S 1260 Securities Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 21)
5/13 HR 10 Financial Services Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (214 - 213)
5/12 S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 8)
5/06 HR 6 Higher Education Programs Authorization Extension bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 4)
5/05 HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - Senate (91 - 7)
4/30 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (242 - 163)
4/30 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 11)
4/30 S 1502 Washington, D.C. School Vouchers bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
4/29 HR 3717 Needle Exchange Funding Ban Bill Passed - House (287 - 140)
4/28 HR 1757 State Department FY98-99 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
4/23 HR 2646 Education Savings Accounts bill Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
4/22 H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
4/02 S Con Res 86 Budget Resolution FY99 Resolution Passed - Senate (57 - 41)
4/01 S Amdt 2175 School Modernization Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (54 - 46)
4/01 S Amdt 2169 Medicare Choices Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 47)
4/01 H Amdt 548 Disadvantaged Business Enterprise Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 225)
4/01 S Amdt 2209 Personal Retirement Accounts Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
4/01 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
3/31 S Amdt 2168 Tobacco Immunity Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (79 - 19)
3/31 S Amdt 2165 Deficit Neutral Reserve Fund Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
3/31 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
3/30 HR 3581 Campaign Finance Reform bill Bill Failed - House (74 - 337)
3/30 HR 3582 Campaign Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (405 - 6)
3/27 H Amdt 542 Road Construction Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (200 - 187)
3/27 HR 2515 Forest Recovery and Protection bill Bill Failed - House (181 - 201)
3/26 HR 3246 Small Business and Employee Fairness bill Bill Passed - House (202 - 200)
3/18 H Con Res 227 Bosnia and Herzegovina U.S. Troop Removal Resolution Resolution Failed - House (193 - 225)
3/17 H Res 364 Human Rights in China Resolution Passed - House (397 - 0)
3/13 S Con Res 78 Saddam Hussein War Crime Prosecution bill Resolution Passed - Senate (93 - 0)
3/12 S Amdt 1676 Intermodal Transportation Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (96 - 4)
3/11 HR 1432 African Growth bill Bill Passed - House (233 - 186)
3/06 S Amdt 1708 Disadvantaged Business Enterprises Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (58 - 37)
3/04 S Amdt 1682 Blood Alcohol Content Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (62 - 32)
3/04 HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
2/26 S Amdt 1646 Campaign Finance Reform Amendment Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
2/25 HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
2/25 H Amdt 497 Death Sentence Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (113 - 300)
2/24 HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
2/11 S 1601 Human Cloning Research bill Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (42 - 54)
2/10 PN 623 David Satcher, Surgeon General of the Public Health Service Nomination Confirmed - Senate (63 - 35)
2/05 HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - House (347 - 69)
2/05 HR 2846 National Student Testing bill Bill Passed - House (242 - 174)
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