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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 12, 2007 National HR 4299 Terrorism Risk Insurance Extension and Modification Bill Passed - House (303 - 116)
March 11, 1998 National HR 1432 African Growth bill Bill Passed - House (233 - 186)
Sept. 28, 2006 National HR 5825 Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act Bill Passed - House (232 - 191)
March 9, 2006 AZ HB 2577 Immigration Policy; Forgery; Employment; Licensing Bill Passed - House (35 - 20)
Jan. 16, 2008 National HR 4986 Defense Authorizations Bill Bill Passed - House (369 - 46)
July 21, 2005 National HR 3199 PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Bill Passed - House (257 - 171)
Jan. 16, 2008 National HR 4986 Defense Authorizations Bill Bill Passed - House (369 - 46)
May 5, 2006 CO SB 234 Public Construction Bidding Act Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
Oct. 12, 2001 National HR 2975 Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (337 - 79)
April 3, 2003 National HR 1559 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2003 Bill Passed - House (414 - 12)
Jan. 31, 2008 SC H 4400 Immigration Bill Bill Passed - House (80 - 13)
March 20, 2008 GA SB 350 Increasing Penalties for Driving Without a License Bill Passed - House (99 - 68)
Dec. 6, 2001 National HR 3005 Fast Track Trade Authority bill Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
Feb. 4, 2008 UT HR 1 North American Union Withdrawal Resolution Passed - House (57 - 15)
Feb. 4, 2008 UT HR 1 North American Union Withdrawal Resolution Passed - House (57 - 15)
Feb. 1, 2008 UT HB 237 Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (44 - 25)
Feb. 11, 2008 UT HB 239 Driver's License Requirements Bill Passed - House (39 - 35)
Nov. 20, 2003 National HR 253 Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (352 - 67)
Feb. 12, 2008 UT HB 241 Restricting In-State Tuition Eligibility Bill Passed - House (40 - 35)
Feb. 4, 2008 ID H 366 Driver's License Residency Requirement Bill Passed - House (47 - 21)
March 14, 1996 National HR 2703 Antiterrorism bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 191)
April 6, 2006 AZ SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
June 10, 1999 National HR 1401 FY2000-2001 Defense Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (365 - 58)
Feb. 25, 2008 WY HB 145 Restricting Benefits for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
Feb. 28, 2008 GA HB 978 Vehicle Seizures for Undocumented Immigrant Traffic Violations Bill Passed - House (104 - 51)
Feb. 28, 2008 IN SB 345 Penalties for Employers of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (66 - 33)
July 10, 2002 National HR 4635 Arming Pilots Against Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (310 - 113)
Feb. 27, 2008 CO HB 1180 Unemployment Benefits for Military Spouses Bill Passed - House (60 - 5)
Dec. 11, 2007 WI AB 581 Gun Possession During Emergencies Bill Passed - House (84 - 13)
June 22, 1993 National HR 1876 GATT Uruguay Round Bill Bill Passed - House (295 - 126)
June 16, 2006 National H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
March 5, 2008 MS SB 2988 Prohibiting Employment of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (112 - 8)
March 13, 2008 National H Con Res 312 Concurrent Budget Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - House (212 - 207)
March 7, 2008 CO HJR 1009 Ratification of the UN Convention Against the Discrimination of Women Joint Resolution Passed - House (43 - 21)
June 8, 1995 National HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Bill Passed - House (222 - 192)
June 16, 2006 National H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
April 2, 2008 National HR 5501 Funding to Combat AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis Bill Passed - House (308 - 116)
April 10, 2008 National H Res 1092 Postponing the Consideration of the Trade Agreement with Colombia Resolution Passed - House (224 - 195)
June 16, 2006 National H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
April 1, 2008 AZ HB 2745 Amending Undocumented Immigrant Employment Sanctions Bill Passed - House (41 - 16)
March 31, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
April 16, 2008 National HR 2634 Expanding the List of Countries Eligible for Debt Forgiveness Bill Passed - House (285 - 132)
March 31, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
April 16, 2008 IA HF 2686 Employee Identification Verification Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
March 3, 2008 AZ HB 2359 County Sheriff and Border Patrol Collaboration Bill Passed - House (33 - 27)
June 8, 1995 National HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Bill Passed - House (222 - 192)
April 25, 2008 RI H 7204 2007-2008 Budget Amendments Bill Passed - House (60 - 12)
July 26, 2002 National HR 5005 Establishing the Department of Homeland Security Bill Passed - House (295 - 132)
April 6, 2006 AZ SB 1273 Border Radar Lease Appropriation Bill Passed - House (38 - 19)
April 22, 2008 CO HB 1325 Seasonal Foreign Worker Pilot Program Bill Passed - House (46 - 18)
March 17, 1998 National H Res 364 Human Rights in China Resolution Passed - House (397 - 0)
June 22, 2004 National HR 4613 Defense Department FY2005 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (403 - 17)
June 22, 2004 National HR 4613 Defense Department FY2005 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (403 - 17)
Sept. 21, 2006 National HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
Feb. 2, 2006 VA HB 1050 In-State Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (76 - 23)
May 20, 2008 National HR 6074 Prohibiting Foreign States or Associations from Forming a Group to Control Oil Bill Passed - House (324 - 84)
March 14, 2006 OK HCS HB 3119 Voter ID, Repealing Tuition Assistance, and Reporting of Illegal Immigrants Bill Passed - House (63 - 24)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
May 22, 2008 OH HB 477 English Language for State Business Bill Passed - House (54 - 42)
March 21, 1996 National HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 87)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
May 13, 2008 LA HB 1358 Transporting Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (70 - 17)
Jan. 9, 2007 National HR 1 Implementing the 9/11 Commission Recommendations Act Bill Passed - House (299 - 128)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
May 13, 2008 LA HB 25 Verification of Citizenship or Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (83 - 11)
March 8, 2007 AZ HB 2589 Labor Solicitation and Criminal Trespass Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
June 10, 2008 National HR 6028 Assistance for Mexico and Central America for Anti-Drug Programs (Merida Program) Bill Passed - House (311 - 106)
June 20, 2008 National HR 6304 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Amendments Bill Passed - House (293 - 129)
June 29, 2006 National H Res 895 Intelligence and Law Enforcement Resolution Resolution Passed - House (227 - 183)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
May 29, 2008 CA AB 2076 Prohibiting E-verify Bill Passed - House (43 - 31)
July 20, 2005 National HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
July 20, 2005 National HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
July 20, 2005 National HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/12 HR 4299 Terrorism Risk Insurance Extension and Modification Bill Passed - House (303 - 116)
3/11 HR 1432 African Growth bill Bill Passed - House (233 - 186)
9/28 HR 5825 Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act Bill Passed - House (232 - 191)
3/09 HB 2577 Immigration Policy; Forgery; Employment; Licensing Bill Passed - House (35 - 20)
1/16 HR 4986 Defense Authorizations Bill Bill Passed - House (369 - 46)
7/21 HR 3199 PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Bill Passed - House (257 - 171)
1/16 HR 4986 Defense Authorizations Bill Bill Passed - House (369 - 46)
5/05 SB 234 Public Construction Bidding Act Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
10/12 HR 2975 Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (337 - 79)
4/03 HR 1559 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2003 Bill Passed - House (414 - 12)
1/31 H 4400 Immigration Bill Bill Passed - House (80 - 13)
3/20 SB 350 Increasing Penalties for Driving Without a License Bill Passed - House (99 - 68)
12/06 HR 3005 Fast Track Trade Authority bill Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
2/04 HR 1 North American Union Withdrawal Resolution Passed - House (57 - 15)
2/04 HR 1 North American Union Withdrawal Resolution Passed - House (57 - 15)
2/01 HB 237 Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (44 - 25)
2/11 HB 239 Driver's License Requirements Bill Passed - House (39 - 35)
11/20 HR 253 Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (352 - 67)
2/12 HB 241 Restricting In-State Tuition Eligibility Bill Passed - House (40 - 35)
2/04 H 366 Driver's License Residency Requirement Bill Passed - House (47 - 21)
3/14 HR 2703 Antiterrorism bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 191)
4/06 SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
6/10 HR 1401 FY2000-2001 Defense Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (365 - 58)
2/25 HB 145 Restricting Benefits for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
2/28 HB 978 Vehicle Seizures for Undocumented Immigrant Traffic Violations Bill Passed - House (104 - 51)
2/28 SB 345 Penalties for Employers of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (66 - 33)
7/10 HR 4635 Arming Pilots Against Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (310 - 113)
2/27 HB 1180 Unemployment Benefits for Military Spouses Bill Passed - House (60 - 5)
12/11 AB 581 Gun Possession During Emergencies Bill Passed - House (84 - 13)
6/22 HR 1876 GATT Uruguay Round Bill Bill Passed - House (295 - 126)
6/16 H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
3/05 SB 2988 Prohibiting Employment of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (112 - 8)
3/13 H Con Res 312 Concurrent Budget Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - House (212 - 207)
3/07 HJR 1009 Ratification of the UN Convention Against the Discrimination of Women Joint Resolution Passed - House (43 - 21)
6/08 HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Bill Passed - House (222 - 192)
6/16 H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
4/02 HR 5501 Funding to Combat AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis Bill Passed - House (308 - 116)
4/10 H Res 1092 Postponing the Consideration of the Trade Agreement with Colombia Resolution Passed - House (224 - 195)
6/16 H Res 861 Global War on Terror Resolution Passed - House (256 - 153)
4/01 HB 2745 Amending Undocumented Immigrant Employment Sanctions Bill Passed - House (41 - 16)
3/31 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
4/16 HR 2634 Expanding the List of Countries Eligible for Debt Forgiveness Bill Passed - House (285 - 132)
3/31 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
4/16 HF 2686 Employee Identification Verification Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
3/03 HB 2359 County Sheriff and Border Patrol Collaboration Bill Passed - House (33 - 27)
6/08 HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Bill Passed - House (222 - 192)
4/25 H 7204 2007-2008 Budget Amendments Bill Passed - House (60 - 12)
7/26 HR 5005 Establishing the Department of Homeland Security Bill Passed - House (295 - 132)
4/06 SB 1273 Border Radar Lease Appropriation Bill Passed - House (38 - 19)
4/22 HB 1325 Seasonal Foreign Worker Pilot Program Bill Passed - House (46 - 18)
3/17 H Res 364 Human Rights in China Resolution Passed - House (397 - 0)
6/22 HR 4613 Defense Department FY2005 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (403 - 17)
6/22 HR 4613 Defense Department FY2005 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (403 - 17)
9/21 HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
2/02 HB 1050 In-State Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (76 - 23)
5/20 HR 6074 Prohibiting Foreign States or Associations from Forming a Group to Control Oil Bill Passed - House (324 - 84)
3/14 HCS HB 3119 Voter ID, Repealing Tuition Assistance, and Reporting of Illegal Immigrants Bill Passed - House (63 - 24)
6/22 HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
5/22 HB 477 English Language for State Business Bill Passed - House (54 - 42)
3/21 HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 87)
6/22 HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
5/13 HB 1358 Transporting Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (70 - 17)
1/09 HR 1 Implementing the 9/11 Commission Recommendations Act Bill Passed - House (299 - 128)
6/22 HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
5/13 HB 25 Verification of Citizenship or Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (83 - 11)
3/08 HB 2589 Labor Solicitation and Criminal Trespass Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
6/10 HR 6028 Assistance for Mexico and Central America for Anti-Drug Programs (Merida Program) Bill Passed - House (311 - 106)
6/20 HR 6304 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Amendments Bill Passed - House (293 - 129)
6/29 H Res 895 Intelligence and Law Enforcement Resolution Resolution Passed - House (227 - 183)
6/24 HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
5/29 AB 2076 Prohibiting E-verify Bill Passed - House (43 - 31)
7/20 HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
6/24 HR 4103 Defense Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (358 - 61)
7/20 HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
7/20 HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
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