Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
Oct. 18, 2023 PA SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
Oct. 12, 2023 MI SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Oct. 10, 2023 NC SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
Oct. 10, 2023 NC SB 747 Amends Various State Election Laws and Policies Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
Oct. 4, 2023 PA HB 27 Appropriates Funding for State K-12 Public Education System Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 97)
Oct. 4, 2023 PA HB 1456 Appropriates $45 Billion for the State Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 88)
Oct. 3, 2023 National H Res 757 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
Sept. 30, 2023 National HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4210 Authorizes Military Spouses and Dependents to Cast Ballots Electronically if They Are Overseas Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4567 Repeals the Challenge Ballot Requirement that Flagged Voters that Register on Election Day Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4570 Authorizes Voters to Apply for Mail-In Ballots Through an Online Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 22, 2023 NC HB 259 Appropriates $30 Billion for the 2023-2024 State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (70 - 40)
Sept. 21, 2023 NC SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 44)
Sept. 14, 2023 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
Sept. 14, 2023 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 314 Establishes an Independent Citizen's Redistricting Commission in Sacramento County Bill Passed - House (62 - 18)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
Sept. 5, 2023 CA AB 421 Amends the Signature Gathering Process for Ballot Initiatives Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 17)
Aug. 16, 2023 NC HB 618 Increases Authority Over Charter Schools in North Carolina to the Charter Schools Review Board Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 45)
Aug. 16, 2023 NC SB 512 Repeals Governor Appointment Powers Over Various State Governing Boards Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 47)
Aug. 16, 2023 NC SB 512 Repeals Governor Appointment Powers Over Various State Governing Boards Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 47)
Aug. 16, 2023 NC SB 754 Authorizes Appointments to Several Public Offices Bill Passed - House (93 - 24)
July 25, 2023 ME LD 1610 Prohibits Campaign Spending by Foreign Governments and Establishes an Anticorruption Amendment in the State Constitution Veto Override Failed - House (73 - 50)
July 25, 2023 ME LD 1610 Prohibits Campaign Spending by Foreign Governments and Establishes an Anticorruption Amendment in the State Constitution Veto Override Failed - House (73 - 50)
July 25, 2023 ME LD 1653 Amends the State Constitution to Allow for Individuals Under Guardianship for Mental Illness to Be Electors Bill Passed - House (84 - 12)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 646 Requires Supplemental Voter Canvasses in Each Primary and General Election Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 30)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 166 Requires Detailed Accounting of Revenue Available to Lawmakers to Spend Each Fiscal Cycle Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 29)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 166 Requires Detailed Accounting of Revenue Available to Lawmakers to Spend Each Fiscal Cycle Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 29)
July 5, 2023 PA HB 611 Appropriates Funding for the General Budget for the State of Pennsylvania Concurrence Vote Passed - House (117 - 86)
June 30, 2023 OH HB 33 Establishes Operating Appropriations for Fiscal Years 2024-2025 Conference Report Adopted - House (67 - 30)
June 30, 2023 DE HB 121 Amends Charter of the City of Seaford to Authorize Entities to Vote in Municipal Elections Bill Passed - House (35 - 6)
June 30, 2023 NJ A 5175 Extends Certain General Election Deadlines Bill Passed - House (75 - 3)
June 29, 2023 WI SB 70 Appropriates Funds for the 2023 State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 34)
June 27, 2023 CA AB 102 Appropriate Funds for the 2023 State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 14)
June 27, 2023 MI HB 4569 Authorizes State Residents 16-17 Years Old to Pre-Register to Vote Bill Passed - House (56 - 52)
June 25, 2023 OR SB 5506 Appropriates Additional Resources for the Emergency Board Bill Passed - House (40 - 7)
June 23, 2023 OR SB 1095 Restructures Membership of Certain Boards and Commissions Based on Congressional Districts Bill Passed - House (39 - 13)
June 22, 2023 OR SB 556 Prohibits the Department of Human Services From Using Specified Money Intended for Children in Foster Care for Maintenance Costs Bill Passed - House (51 - 3)
June 22, 2023 DE HB 196 Appropriates Funds for Statewide Projects Bill Passed - House (33 - 7)
June 22, 2023 National H Res 529 Relating to the resolution (H. Res. 503) impeaching Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Resolution Passed - House (219 - 208)
June 22, 2023 National H Res 529 Relating to the resolution (H. Res. 503) impeaching Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Resolution Passed - House (219 - 208)
June 21, 2023 OR SB 337 Establishes the Oregon Public Defense Commission within Judicial Branch Bill Passed - House (34 - 16)
June 21, 2023 National H Res 521 Censuring Adam Schiff, Representative of the 30th Congressional District of California. Resolution Passed - House (213 - 209)
June 20, 2023 OR SB 5532 Appropriates Money Relating to the Financial Administration of the Public Defense Services Commission Bill Passed - House (43 - 11)
June 15, 2023 OH HB 17 Prohibits State Officials from Using TikTok, WeChat or Other China-Sourced Applications Bill Passed - House (73 - 21)
June 15, 2023 National HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
June 15, 2023 National HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
June 14, 2023 WI AB 245 Establishes a New City and County Tax to Pay for Underfunded Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 26)
June 14, 2023 NC HB 140 Authorizes Civilian Traffic Investigators Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 6)
June 14, 2023 OH SB 21 Restructures Where Individuals can Contest State Agency Orders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
June 14, 2023 NV SB 1 Appropriates Millions in Public Funding for a New Stadium Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
June 14, 2023 National HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
June 13, 2023 ME LD 86 Amends the State Flag Designation to Reestablish the Former Flag Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 70)
June 13, 2023 National H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
June 13, 2023 PA HB 1131 Establishes the Pennsylvania Department of Health Bill Passed - House (199 - 4)
June 12, 2023 RI H 5962 Amends Provisions Regarding Rhode Island Campaign Contributions and Expenditure Reporting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 29)
June 10, 2023 NY S 7538 Authorizes the Immediate Incorporation of Villages into State Code Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
June 10, 2023 NY S 7537 Establishes the Village Incorporation Commission Bill Passed - House (83 - 52)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/09 SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
11/09 SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
11/09 HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
11/09 AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
11/08 SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
11/01 H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
11/01 HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
11/01 HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
11/01 HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
10/18 SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
10/12 SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
10/10 SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
10/10 SB 747 Amends Various State Election Laws and Policies Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
10/04 HB 27 Appropriates Funding for State K-12 Public Education System Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 97)
10/04 HB 1456 Appropriates $45 Billion for the State Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 88)
10/03 H Res 757 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
9/30 HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
9/27 HB 4210 Authorizes Military Spouses and Dependents to Cast Ballots Electronically if They Are Overseas Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4567 Repeals the Challenge Ballot Requirement that Flagged Voters that Register on Election Day Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4570 Authorizes Voters to Apply for Mail-In Ballots Through an Online Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/22 HB 259 Appropriates $30 Billion for the 2023-2024 State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (70 - 40)
9/21 SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 44)
9/14 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
9/14 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
9/13 AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
9/13 AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
9/11 SB 314 Establishes an Independent Citizen's Redistricting Commission in Sacramento County Bill Passed - House (62 - 18)
9/11 SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
9/05 AB 421 Amends the Signature Gathering Process for Ballot Initiatives Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 17)
8/16 HB 618 Increases Authority Over Charter Schools in North Carolina to the Charter Schools Review Board Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 45)
8/16 SB 512 Repeals Governor Appointment Powers Over Various State Governing Boards Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 47)
8/16 SB 512 Repeals Governor Appointment Powers Over Various State Governing Boards Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 47)
8/16 SB 754 Authorizes Appointments to Several Public Offices Bill Passed - House (93 - 24)
7/25 LD 1610 Prohibits Campaign Spending by Foreign Governments and Establishes an Anticorruption Amendment in the State Constitution Veto Override Failed - House (73 - 50)
7/25 LD 1610 Prohibits Campaign Spending by Foreign Governments and Establishes an Anticorruption Amendment in the State Constitution Veto Override Failed - House (73 - 50)
7/25 LD 1653 Amends the State Constitution to Allow for Individuals Under Guardianship for Mental Illness to Be Electors Bill Passed - House (84 - 12)
7/18 HB 646 Requires Supplemental Voter Canvasses in Each Primary and General Election Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 30)
7/18 HB 166 Requires Detailed Accounting of Revenue Available to Lawmakers to Spend Each Fiscal Cycle Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 29)
7/18 HB 166 Requires Detailed Accounting of Revenue Available to Lawmakers to Spend Each Fiscal Cycle Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 29)
7/05 HB 611 Appropriates Funding for the General Budget for the State of Pennsylvania Concurrence Vote Passed - House (117 - 86)
6/30 HB 33 Establishes Operating Appropriations for Fiscal Years 2024-2025 Conference Report Adopted - House (67 - 30)
6/30 HB 121 Amends Charter of the City of Seaford to Authorize Entities to Vote in Municipal Elections Bill Passed - House (35 - 6)
6/30 A 5175 Extends Certain General Election Deadlines Bill Passed - House (75 - 3)
6/29 SB 70 Appropriates Funds for the 2023 State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 34)
6/27 AB 102 Appropriate Funds for the 2023 State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 14)
6/27 HB 4569 Authorizes State Residents 16-17 Years Old to Pre-Register to Vote Bill Passed - House (56 - 52)
6/25 SB 5506 Appropriates Additional Resources for the Emergency Board Bill Passed - House (40 - 7)
6/23 SB 1095 Restructures Membership of Certain Boards and Commissions Based on Congressional Districts Bill Passed - House (39 - 13)
6/22 SB 556 Prohibits the Department of Human Services From Using Specified Money Intended for Children in Foster Care for Maintenance Costs Bill Passed - House (51 - 3)
6/22 HB 196 Appropriates Funds for Statewide Projects Bill Passed - House (33 - 7)
6/22 H Res 529 Relating to the resolution (H. Res. 503) impeaching Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Resolution Passed - House (219 - 208)
6/22 H Res 529 Relating to the resolution (H. Res. 503) impeaching Joseph R. Biden, Jr., President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Resolution Passed - House (219 - 208)
6/21 SB 337 Establishes the Oregon Public Defense Commission within Judicial Branch Bill Passed - House (34 - 16)
6/21 H Res 521 Censuring Adam Schiff, Representative of the 30th Congressional District of California. Resolution Passed - House (213 - 209)
6/20 SB 5532 Appropriates Money Relating to the Financial Administration of the Public Defense Services Commission Bill Passed - House (43 - 11)
6/15 HB 17 Prohibits State Officials from Using TikTok, WeChat or Other China-Sourced Applications Bill Passed - House (73 - 21)
6/15 HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
6/15 HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
6/14 AB 245 Establishes a New City and County Tax to Pay for Underfunded Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 26)
6/14 HB 140 Authorizes Civilian Traffic Investigators Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 6)
6/14 SB 21 Restructures Where Individuals can Contest State Agency Orders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
6/14 SB 1 Appropriates Millions in Public Funding for a New Stadium Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
6/14 HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
6/13 LD 86 Amends the State Flag Designation to Reestablish the Former Flag Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 70)
6/13 H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
6/13 HB 1131 Establishes the Pennsylvania Department of Health Bill Passed - House (199 - 4)
6/12 H 5962 Amends Provisions Regarding Rhode Island Campaign Contributions and Expenditure Reporting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 29)
6/10 S 7538 Authorizes the Immediate Incorporation of Villages into State Code Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
6/10 S 7537 Establishes the Village Incorporation Commission Bill Passed - House (83 - 52)

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