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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 28, 2023 NC SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
June 8, 2023 LA HB 90 Increases Penalties for Drug Distribution Resulting in Death to Life in Prison Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 5)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1016 Establishes a Merit System for Police and Fire Departments Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 18)
Feb. 25, 2023 VA HB 2398 Classifies Sexual Extortion as a Class 5 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 3)
June 8, 2023 LA HB 160 Authorizes Victims and Family in Juvenile Court Proceedings to Openly Share Information Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 1)
June 8, 2023 LA HB 160 Authorizes Victims and Family in Juvenile Court Proceedings to Openly Share Information Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 1)
April 27, 2023 KS SB 174 Exempts and Decriminalizes Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 7)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
April 27, 2023 KS SB 174 Exempts and Decriminalizes Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 7)
April 27, 2023 IN SB 187 Requires State Police Departments Conduct Background Checks on Police Reserve Officers Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 7)
June 8, 2023 LA HB 90 Increases Penalties for Drug Distribution Resulting in Death to Life in Prison Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 5)
March 30, 2023 CO HB 23-1011 Authorizes Individuals Right to Repair Agriculture Equipment Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 10)
July 6, 2023 ME LD 1756 Expands Employee's Freedom of Association and Speech in the Workplace "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 9)
Feb. 25, 2023 VA SB 887 Requires Individuals in Solitary Confinement Receive a Minimum of 4 Hours Out of Cell Each Day Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
March 28, 2023 MS SB 2101 Amends and Increases Criminal Penalties for Carjacking Conference Report Adopted - Senate (44 - 8)
May 16, 2023 MN SF 2744 Establishes New Protections Over Prescription Drug Costs Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 32)
Feb. 25, 2023 VA SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
June 8, 2023 LA SB 159 Amends Previous Law to Automatically Classify 17-Year-Old Defendants as Adults Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 11)
June 8, 2023 LA SB 159 Amends Previous Law to Automatically Classify 17-Year-Old Defendants as Adults Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 11)
Feb. 25, 2023 VA SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
March 27, 2023 MS SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 14)
April 6, 2023 KS SB 228 Prohibits Transgender Inmates Access to Overnight Accommodations Consistent with Their Gender Identity Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 3)
April 27, 2023 IN SB 8 Authorizes Pharmacy Benefit Managers to Negotiate Prices for Drugs Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 9)
March 7, 2023 SD SB 1 Expands Definition of Who Can Access Medical Marijuana Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
April 12, 2023 AZ SB 1021 Requires the Arizona Attorney General Defend the Constitutionality of Any Bill Signed into Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
April 7, 2023 MD SB 37 Reduces the Time Period to Apply for Criminal Record Expungement for Certain Offenses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 13)
April 7, 2023 MD SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
March 29, 2023 GA SB 44 Increases Penalties for Gang Recruitment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
April 7, 2023 AR SB 495 Requires Convicted Individuals Serve Out the Majority of Their Sentences Instead of Early Release Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
June 13, 2023 AZ SB 1588 Establishes a criminal Justice Data Collection System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA SB 58 Amends Laws and Statutes Concerning the Decriminalization of Certain Hallucinogens Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA SB 58 Amends Laws and Statutes Concerning the Decriminalization of Certain Hallucinogens Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
June 4, 2023 LA SB 196 Increases Financial Transparency Requirements in Litigation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
May 23, 2023 OK SB 674 Authorizes the Creation of an Oklahoma Organized Retail Crime Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 6)
May 19, 2023 OK SB 475 Amends Registration Suspension and Revocation Guidelines to Prohibit Fraudulent Businesses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
March 6, 2023 SD SB 4 Amends Court Authority to Commit a Juvenile Habitual Offender to the Department of Corrections Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
April 13, 2023 WA SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
Aug. 29, 2023 TN SB 7086 Reduces the Time Period for the Tennessee Bureau of Information to be Notified of Criminal Proceedings from 30 Days to 72 Hours Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 6)
May 10, 2023 MO SB 40 Requires Background Checks for Students 18 and Older Reenrolling in High School Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
May 5, 2023 MO SB 106 Requires Patient Approval before Doctors Give Prostate, Anal, or Pelvic Exams to Unconscious Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
May 4, 2023 SC S 120 Authorizes the State to Buy Lethal Injection Drugs Without Disclosing Manufacturer Company Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
May 3, 2023 FL SB 170 Amends Laws Concerning Local Ordinances and Legal Suits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
Sept. 12, 2023 CA SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
March 15, 2023 KY SB 80 Prohibits Registered Sex Offenders from Loitering or Operating a Mobile Business within 1,000 ft. of Schools, Daycares, and Public Playgrounds or Swimming Pools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
April 21, 2023 TN SB 807 Exempts Those Convicted of Criminal Exposure to HIV from Having to Register as a Sex Offender Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
April 21, 2023 MT SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
April 17, 2023 WA SB 5352 Expands Police Chase Protections for Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 22)
April 14, 2023 WA SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
April 14, 2023 WA SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/28 SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
6/08 HB 90 Increases Penalties for Drug Distribution Resulting in Death to Life in Prison Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 5)
4/26 HB 1016 Establishes a Merit System for Police and Fire Departments Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 18)
2/25 HB 2398 Classifies Sexual Extortion as a Class 5 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 3)
6/08 HB 160 Authorizes Victims and Family in Juvenile Court Proceedings to Openly Share Information Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 1)
6/08 HB 160 Authorizes Victims and Family in Juvenile Court Proceedings to Openly Share Information Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 1)
4/27 SB 174 Exempts and Decriminalizes Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 7)
4/26 HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
4/27 SB 174 Exempts and Decriminalizes Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 7)
4/27 SB 187 Requires State Police Departments Conduct Background Checks on Police Reserve Officers Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 7)
6/08 HB 90 Increases Penalties for Drug Distribution Resulting in Death to Life in Prison Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 5)
3/30 HB 23-1011 Authorizes Individuals Right to Repair Agriculture Equipment Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 10)
7/06 LD 1756 Expands Employee's Freedom of Association and Speech in the Workplace "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 9)
2/25 SB 887 Requires Individuals in Solitary Confinement Receive a Minimum of 4 Hours Out of Cell Each Day Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
3/28 SB 2101 Amends and Increases Criminal Penalties for Carjacking Conference Report Adopted - Senate (44 - 8)
5/16 SF 2744 Establishes New Protections Over Prescription Drug Costs Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 32)
2/25 SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
6/08 SB 159 Amends Previous Law to Automatically Classify 17-Year-Old Defendants as Adults Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 11)
6/08 SB 159 Amends Previous Law to Automatically Classify 17-Year-Old Defendants as Adults Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 11)
2/25 SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
3/27 SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 14)
4/06 SB 228 Prohibits Transgender Inmates Access to Overnight Accommodations Consistent with Their Gender Identity Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 3)
4/27 SB 8 Authorizes Pharmacy Benefit Managers to Negotiate Prices for Drugs Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 9)
3/07 SB 1 Expands Definition of Who Can Access Medical Marijuana Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
4/12 SB 1021 Requires the Arizona Attorney General Defend the Constitutionality of Any Bill Signed into Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/10 SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
4/07 SB 37 Reduces the Time Period to Apply for Criminal Record Expungement for Certain Offenses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 13)
4/07 SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
3/29 SB 44 Increases Penalties for Gang Recruitment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
4/07 SB 495 Requires Convicted Individuals Serve Out the Majority of Their Sentences Instead of Early Release Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
6/13 SB 1588 Establishes a criminal Justice Data Collection System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
9/07 SB 58 Amends Laws and Statutes Concerning the Decriminalization of Certain Hallucinogens Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
9/07 SB 58 Amends Laws and Statutes Concerning the Decriminalization of Certain Hallucinogens Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
6/04 SB 196 Increases Financial Transparency Requirements in Litigation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
5/23 SB 674 Authorizes the Creation of an Oklahoma Organized Retail Crime Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 6)
5/19 SB 475 Amends Registration Suspension and Revocation Guidelines to Prohibit Fraudulent Businesses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
3/06 SB 4 Amends Court Authority to Commit a Juvenile Habitual Offender to the Department of Corrections Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
4/13 SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
8/29 SB 7086 Reduces the Time Period for the Tennessee Bureau of Information to be Notified of Criminal Proceedings from 30 Days to 72 Hours Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 6)
5/10 SB 40 Requires Background Checks for Students 18 and Older Reenrolling in High School Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
5/05 SB 106 Requires Patient Approval before Doctors Give Prostate, Anal, or Pelvic Exams to Unconscious Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
5/04 S 120 Authorizes the State to Buy Lethal Injection Drugs Without Disclosing Manufacturer Company Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
5/03 SB 170 Amends Laws Concerning Local Ordinances and Legal Suits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
9/12 SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
3/15 SB 80 Prohibits Registered Sex Offenders from Loitering or Operating a Mobile Business within 1,000 ft. of Schools, Daycares, and Public Playgrounds or Swimming Pools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
4/21 SB 807 Exempts Those Convicted of Criminal Exposure to HIV from Having to Register as a Sex Offender Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
4/21 SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
4/17 SB 5352 Expands Police Chase Protections for Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 22)
4/14 SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
4/14 SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
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