National Business and Consumers Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 4, 2000 National HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 110)
May 11, 2000 National HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (77 - 19)
Nov. 3, 1999 National HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Bill Passed - Senate (76 - 19)
July 12, 2006 National HR 2990 Credit Rating Agency Duopoly Relief Act Bill Passed - House (255 - 166)
Jan. 28, 2004 National S 1920 Farmer Bankruptcy Bill Bill Passed - House (265 - 99)
Oct. 11, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
Oct. 11, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
Oct. 7, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
Oct. 7, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
March 29, 1996 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 158)
March 21, 1996 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (59 - 40)
May 10, 1995 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 37)
March 14, 2006 National S Amdt 3013 Reinstate Pay-As-You-Go through 2011 Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (50 - 50)
Nov. 20, 1993 National S 714 Resolution Trust Corporation Completion Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (54 - 45)
Nov. 23, 1993 National S 714 Resolution Trust Corporation Completion Act Conference Report Adopted - House (235 - 191)
Oct. 13, 1998 National S 1260 Securities Litigation Conference Report Adopted - House (319 - 82)
Sept. 13, 2006 National S Amdt 4999 Security of Cargo Containers Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 55)
July 27, 2002 National HR 3009 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Conference Report Adopted - House (215 - 212)
Aug. 1, 2002 National HR 3009 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Conference Report Adopted - Senate (64 - 34)
July 26, 2006 National HR 5682 U.S.and India Nuclear Cooperation Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (359 - 68)
June 29, 2006 National S 3569 U.S. -Oman Free Trade Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 34)
Sept. 19, 2006 National HR 5684 U.S.-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 32)
July 20, 2006 National HR 5684 U.S.-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
May 9, 1996 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Veto Override Failed - House (258 - 163)
July 26, 2005 National S Amdt 1351 Corporate Financing of Terrorism Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
June 30, 2005 National S 1307 CAFTA Implementation Bill Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 45)
April 14, 2005 National S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (302 - 126)
March 10, 2005 National S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 25)
May 11, 2004 National S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
May 11, 2004 National S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
July 27, 1999 National H J Res 57 China Trade resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (170 - 260)
Dec. 6, 2001 National HR 3005 Fast Track Trade Authority bill Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
May 7, 2007 National S Amdt 1010 FDA Drug Import Certification Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (49 - 40)
June 8, 2006 National HR 5252 COPE Bill of 2006 Bill Passed - House (321 - 101)
Jan. 5, 2007 National H Res 6 Pay-As-You-Go Rule Resolution Passed - House (280 - 152)
May 22, 2007 National HR 2264 Preventing the Organization of Petroleum Export Groups Bill Passed - House (345 - 72)
June 19, 2007 National S Amdt 1519 Preventing Petroleum Export Organizations (NOPEC Act of 2007) Amendment Adopted - Senate (70 - 23)
June 27, 2007 National HR 1830 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Bill Passed - House (365 - 59)
July 11, 2007 National HR 556 Foreign Investment Oversight Concurrence Vote Passed - House (370 - 45)
May 14, 2008 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Conference Report Adopted - House (318 - 106)
May 15, 2008 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (81 - 15)
July 27, 2007 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Bill Passed - House (231 - 191)
Aug. 2, 2007 National H Amdt 734 Prescription Drug Imports Amendment Rejected - House (146 - 283)
July 1, 1994 National S Amdt 1851 Bosnia Arms Embargo Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (50 - 50)
March 16, 1994 National HR 820 National Competitiveness Act of 1993 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 40)
May 19, 1993 National HR 820 National Competitiveness Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (243 - 167)
Nov. 20, 1993 National HR 3450 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Implementation Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 38)
Nov. 17, 1993 National HR 3450 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Implementation Act Bill Passed - House (234 - 200)
Sept. 7, 2007 National HR 1908 Patent Reform Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (220 - 175)
Sept. 11, 2007 National S Amdt 2797 Limiting Mexican Trucks to Commercial Zones Near the Border Between the U.S. and Mexico Amendment Adopted - Senate (75 - 23)
Oct. 1, 1992 National HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Failed - Senate (59 - 40)
Sept. 30, 1992 National HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Passed - House (345 - 74)
July 21, 1992 National HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Bill Passed - House (339 - 62)
Oct. 31, 2007 National HR 3920 Trade and Globalization Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (264 - 157)
Dec. 4, 2007 National HR 3688 United States-Peru Trade Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 18)
Nov. 8, 2007 National HR 3688 United States-Peru Trade Agreement Bill Passed - House (285 - 132)
Nov. 14, 2007 National HR 3074 Appropriations for the Department of Transportation and the Department of Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - House (270 - 147)
Nov. 15, 2007 National HR 3915 Mortgage Reform and Anti-Subprime Lending Act Bill Passed - House (291 - 127)
July 31, 2008 National HR 4040 Consumer Product Safety Commission Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (89 - 3)
March 6, 2008 National HR 4040 Consumer Product Safety Commission Bill Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 13)
March 14, 2008 National S Amdt 4299 Expressing the Sense of the Senate on the Legalization of Importing Certain Prescription Drugs Amendment Adopted - Senate (73 - 23)
April 10, 2008 National H Res 1092 Postponing the Consideration of the Trade Agreement with Colombia Resolution Passed - House (224 - 195)
May 22, 2008 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - Senate (82 - 13)
May 21, 2008 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - House (316 - 108)
June 19, 2008 National HR 2642 GI Bill, Funding for Midwest Flood Cleanup, Extension of Unemployment Benefits, and Other Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (416 - 12)
June 24, 2008 National HR 6346 Price Gouging Prevention Act Bill Failed - House (276 - 146)
June 26, 2008 National HR 6377 Energy Futures Trading Bill Passed - House (402 - 19)
June 25, 2008 National S Amdt 4983 Housing Foreclosure Assistance Programs Amendment Adopted - Senate (79 - 16)
July 20, 2005 National HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
June 9, 2005 National H J Res 27 Withdrawing Approval from the WTO Agreement Joint Resolution Failed - House (86 - 338)
June 9, 2000 National H Amdt 763 Estate Tax Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (196 - 222)
Aug. 3, 1999 National H J Res 58 Economic Assistance to Vietnam Joint Resolution Failed - House (130 - 297)
May 13, 1998 National H Amdt 621 Enhance Banking Flexibility Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (140 - 281)
July 30, 2008 National HR 1108 FDA Regulation of Tobacco Bill Passed - House (326 - 102)
June 18, 2002 National S 2600 Terrorism Insurance Bill Bill Passed - Senate (84 - 14)
May 24, 2000 National HR 4444 U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (237 - 197)
Sept. 19, 2000 National HR 4444 U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 15)
Sept. 13, 2000 National S Amdt 4132 China Nonproliferation Act Amendment Tabled - Senate (65 - 32)
Sept. 26, 2000 National HR 5175 Small Business Superfund Exemption Bill Failed - House (253 - 161)
July 13, 2000 National S Amdt 3821 Estate Tax Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
Feb. 2, 2000 National HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 14)
May 5, 1999 National HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - House (313 - 108)
July 19, 2001 National H J Res 50 China Trade Relations bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (169 - 259)
July 1, 1999 National HR 10 Financial Modernization bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 86)
May 13, 1998 National S 1260 Securities Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 21)
March 17, 1999 National HR 975 Steel Import Limitation bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 141)
Sept. 25, 1998 National HR 2621 Reciprocal Trade Agreement Bill Bill Failed - House (180 - 243)
Sept. 24, 1998 National HR 3736 Nonimmigrant Specialty Workers bill Bill Passed - House (288 - 133)
March 3, 2004 National HR 1561 US Patent and Trademark Fee Modernization Act, 2004 Bill Passed - House (379 - 28)
July 21, 1993 National H J Res 208 China's Most Favored Nation Status Joint Resolution Failed - House (105 - 318)
July 30, 1998 National H J Res 120 Vietnam Trade Waiver Disapproval resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (163 - 260)
March 5, 1996 National HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (74 - 22)
March 6, 1996 National HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (336 - 86)
Oct. 19, 1995 National HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 24)
July 22, 1998 National H J Res 121 Disapproval of 'Normal Trade Relations' Status with China Joint Resolution Failed - House (166 - 264)
Dec. 20, 1995 National HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Veto Override Passed - House (319 - 100)
Dec. 22, 1995 National HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Veto Override Passed - Senate (68 - 30)
Dec. 5, 1995 National HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (65 - 30)
Dec. 6, 1995 National HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (320 - 102)
June 28, 1995 National HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 30)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/04 HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 110)
5/11 HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (77 - 19)
11/03 HR 434 Africa Free Trade bill Bill Passed - Senate (76 - 19)
7/12 HR 2990 Credit Rating Agency Duopoly Relief Act Bill Passed - House (255 - 166)
1/28 S 1920 Farmer Bankruptcy Bill Bill Passed - House (265 - 99)
10/11 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
10/11 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
10/07 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
10/07 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
3/29 HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 158)
3/21 HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (59 - 40)
5/10 HR 956 Product Liability bill Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 37)
3/14 S Amdt 3013 Reinstate Pay-As-You-Go through 2011 Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (50 - 50)
11/20 S 714 Resolution Trust Corporation Completion Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (54 - 45)
11/23 S 714 Resolution Trust Corporation Completion Act Conference Report Adopted - House (235 - 191)
10/13 S 1260 Securities Litigation Conference Report Adopted - House (319 - 82)
9/13 S Amdt 4999 Security of Cargo Containers Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 55)
7/27 HR 3009 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Conference Report Adopted - House (215 - 212)
8/01 HR 3009 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Conference Report Adopted - Senate (64 - 34)
7/26 HR 5682 U.S.and India Nuclear Cooperation Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (359 - 68)
6/29 S 3569 U.S. -Oman Free Trade Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 34)
9/19 HR 5684 U.S.-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 32)
7/20 HR 5684 U.S.-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
5/09 HR 956 Product Liability bill Veto Override Failed - House (258 - 163)
7/26 S Amdt 1351 Corporate Financing of Terrorism Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
6/30 S 1307 CAFTA Implementation Bill Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 45)
4/14 S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (302 - 126)
3/10 S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 25)
5/11 S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
5/11 S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
7/27 H J Res 57 China Trade resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (170 - 260)
12/06 HR 3005 Fast Track Trade Authority bill Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
5/07 S Amdt 1010 FDA Drug Import Certification Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (49 - 40)
6/08 HR 5252 COPE Bill of 2006 Bill Passed - House (321 - 101)
1/05 H Res 6 Pay-As-You-Go Rule Resolution Passed - House (280 - 152)
5/22 HR 2264 Preventing the Organization of Petroleum Export Groups Bill Passed - House (345 - 72)
6/19 S Amdt 1519 Preventing Petroleum Export Organizations (NOPEC Act of 2007) Amendment Adopted - Senate (70 - 23)
6/27 HR 1830 Andean Trade Preference Act Extension Bill Passed - House (365 - 59)
7/11 HR 556 Foreign Investment Oversight Concurrence Vote Passed - House (370 - 45)
5/14 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Conference Report Adopted - House (318 - 106)
5/15 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (81 - 15)
7/27 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Bill Passed - House (231 - 191)
8/02 H Amdt 734 Prescription Drug Imports Amendment Rejected - House (146 - 283)
7/01 S Amdt 1851 Bosnia Arms Embargo Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (50 - 50)
3/16 HR 820 National Competitiveness Act of 1993 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 40)
5/19 HR 820 National Competitiveness Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (243 - 167)
11/20 HR 3450 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Implementation Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 38)
11/17 HR 3450 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Implementation Act Bill Passed - House (234 - 200)
9/07 HR 1908 Patent Reform Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (220 - 175)
9/11 S Amdt 2797 Limiting Mexican Trucks to Commercial Zones Near the Border Between the U.S. and Mexico Amendment Adopted - Senate (75 - 23)
10/01 HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Failed - Senate (59 - 40)
9/30 HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Passed - House (345 - 74)
7/21 HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Bill Passed - House (339 - 62)
10/31 HR 3920 Trade and Globalization Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (264 - 157)
12/04 HR 3688 United States-Peru Trade Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 18)
11/08 HR 3688 United States-Peru Trade Agreement Bill Passed - House (285 - 132)
11/14 HR 3074 Appropriations for the Department of Transportation and the Department of Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - House (270 - 147)
11/15 HR 3915 Mortgage Reform and Anti-Subprime Lending Act Bill Passed - House (291 - 127)
7/31 HR 4040 Consumer Product Safety Commission Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (89 - 3)
3/06 HR 4040 Consumer Product Safety Commission Bill Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 13)
3/14 S Amdt 4299 Expressing the Sense of the Senate on the Legalization of Importing Certain Prescription Drugs Amendment Adopted - Senate (73 - 23)
4/10 H Res 1092 Postponing the Consideration of the Trade Agreement with Colombia Resolution Passed - House (224 - 195)
5/22 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - Senate (82 - 13)
5/21 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - House (316 - 108)
6/19 HR 2642 GI Bill, Funding for Midwest Flood Cleanup, Extension of Unemployment Benefits, and Other Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (416 - 12)
6/24 HR 6346 Price Gouging Prevention Act Bill Failed - House (276 - 146)
6/26 HR 6377 Energy Futures Trading Bill Passed - House (402 - 19)
6/25 S Amdt 4983 Housing Foreclosure Assistance Programs Amendment Adopted - Senate (79 - 16)
7/20 HR 2601 State Department FY 2006/2007 Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (351 - 78)
6/09 H J Res 27 Withdrawing Approval from the WTO Agreement Joint Resolution Failed - House (86 - 338)
6/09 H Amdt 763 Estate Tax Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (196 - 222)
8/03 H J Res 58 Economic Assistance to Vietnam Joint Resolution Failed - House (130 - 297)
5/13 H Amdt 621 Enhance Banking Flexibility Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (140 - 281)
7/30 HR 1108 FDA Regulation of Tobacco Bill Passed - House (326 - 102)
6/18 S 2600 Terrorism Insurance Bill Bill Passed - Senate (84 - 14)
5/24 HR 4444 U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (237 - 197)
9/19 HR 4444 U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 15)
9/13 S Amdt 4132 China Nonproliferation Act Amendment Tabled - Senate (65 - 32)
9/26 HR 5175 Small Business Superfund Exemption Bill Failed - House (253 - 161)
7/13 S Amdt 3821 Estate Tax Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
2/02 HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 14)
5/05 HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - House (313 - 108)
7/19 H J Res 50 China Trade Relations bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (169 - 259)
7/01 HR 10 Financial Modernization bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 86)
5/13 S 1260 Securities Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 21)
3/17 HR 975 Steel Import Limitation bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 141)
9/25 HR 2621 Reciprocal Trade Agreement Bill Bill Failed - House (180 - 243)
9/24 HR 3736 Nonimmigrant Specialty Workers bill Bill Passed - House (288 - 133)
3/03 HR 1561 US Patent and Trademark Fee Modernization Act, 2004 Bill Passed - House (379 - 28)
7/21 H J Res 208 China's Most Favored Nation Status Joint Resolution Failed - House (105 - 318)
7/30 H J Res 120 Vietnam Trade Waiver Disapproval resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (163 - 260)
3/05 HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (74 - 22)
3/06 HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (336 - 86)
10/19 HR 927 Cuba Sanctions Bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 24)
7/22 H J Res 121 Disapproval of 'Normal Trade Relations' Status with China Joint Resolution Failed - House (166 - 264)
12/20 HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Veto Override Passed - House (319 - 100)
12/22 HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Veto Override Passed - Senate (68 - 30)
12/05 HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (65 - 30)
12/06 HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (320 - 102)
6/28 HR 1058 Legal Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 30)

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