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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 28, 2010 National HR 5827 Exempting Guns from an Estate for Bankruptcy Purposes Bill Passed - House (307 - 113)
April 19, 2007 NC HB 573 Concealed Weapons for Judges Bill Passed - House (86 - 15)
March 6, 2006 ID H 630 School Grounds - Violence Bill Passed - House (49 - 12)
March 21, 2007 KS HB 2528 Concealed Gun Regulations Bill Passed - House (107 - 17)
Feb. 28, 2007 UT 2SSB 251 Concealed Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 13)
Jan. 9, 2006 NY A 2302 Childproof Firearms Sales Bill Passed - House (91 - 44)
Feb. 14, 2007 CO HB 1011 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (34 - 30)
March 28, 2007 CO SB 34 Concealed Weapons Permits Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
April 6, 2009 TN HB 962 Authorizing Guns in Restaurants that Serve Alcohol Bill Passed - House (70 - 26)
April 25, 2006 MI Sub H-1 Self Defense Bill/ Deadly Force Bill Bill Passed - House (90 - 16)
March 21, 2006 MI Sub for HB 5192 Hunting License Program and Firearms Age Restriction Bill Passed - House (86 - 17)
March 16, 2006 AZ HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 6, 2006 AZ SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
May 8, 2006 NY A 8098 Drug Law Reform and Drug Treatment Bill Passed - House (81 - 59)
Sept. 10, 2014 MO SB 656 Authorizes School Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property Veto Override Passed - House (117 - 39)
Sept. 14, 2016 MO SB 656 Authorizes Concealed Carry Without a Permit Veto Override Passed - House (112 - 41)
Sept. 14, 2011 NH SB 88 Civil Immunity from Acts of Self Defense Veto Override Passed - House (251 - 111)
April 22, 2020 VA SB 479 Prohibits Individuals Subject to a Protective Order From Possessing Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 42)
June 19, 2013 ME LD 1240 Establishes Penalties for Unauthorized Private Gun Sales and Requires Background Checks Bill Passed - House (78 - 71)
July 9, 2013 IL HB 183 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Firearms Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 31)
Dec. 4, 2012 IL SB 681 Authorizes State Residents To Purchase Ammunition From In-State Companies Veto Override Passed - House (78 - 28)
Sept. 11, 2013 MO HB 436 Prohibits the Enforcement of Federal Firearm Regulations Veto Override Passed - House (109 - 49)
Dec. 27, 2018 OH HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Veto Override Passed - House (67 - 22)
March 4, 2016 WV HB 4145 Authorizes Concealed Carry without Permit Veto Override Passed - House (64 - 33)
March 29, 2023 NC SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 45)
April 5, 2014 KS HB 2578 Prohibits a City or County from Regulating Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 19)
May 3, 2022 HI HB 2075 Requires Inspection of Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 8)
May 21, 2013 KS HB 2162 Prohibits State Funds from Being Used to Lobby for Firearm Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 28)
May 13, 2016 MO SB 656 Authorizes Concealed Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (114 - 36)
April 17, 2024 ME LD 2086 Amending Laws Governing the Disposition of Forefeited Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (74 - 68)
May 16, 2014 MO SB 656 Authorizes School Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property Conference Report Adopted - House (111 - 28)
June 14, 2018 DE HB 300 Prohibits Bump Stocks Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 2)
May 4, 2024 CO HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - House (35 - 24)
June 24, 2022 National S 2938 Bipartisan Safer Communities Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (234 - 193)
March 20, 2014 GA HB 60 Amends Firearm Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (112 - 58)
June 4, 2010 TN SB 3012 Guns in Bars Veto Override Passed - House (61 - 30)
March 15, 2013 CO HB 1229 Requires Background Checks for Private Gun Sales and Transfers Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 27)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
March 27, 2023 MS SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - House (79 - 32)
March 4, 2010 IN HB 1065 Authorizing Firearms at Workplace Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 20)
April 16, 2015 TN HB 995 Authorizes Firearms in Public Parks Conference Report Adopted - House (62 - 25)
July 23, 2013 NC HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 41)
April 9, 2009 MT HB 228 Amending Concealed Weapons and Self-Defense Statutes Conference Report Adopted - House (85 - 14)
March 5, 2020 VA SB 70 Requires Background Check for Firearm Transfers Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 46)
July 31, 2014 MA H 4278 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (122 - 30)
March 13, 2014 IN SB 229 Authorizes the Concealed Possession of Firearms on School Property Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 24)
Jan. 23, 2014 SC SB 308 Authorizes Carrying Concealed Weapons into Businesses that Serve Alcohol Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 18)
Sept. 10, 2013 CA AB 711 Prohibits Lead Ammunition for Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 29)
May 31, 2015 IL HB 352 Authorizes Bobcat Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 46)
March 3, 2020 WA SB 5434 Establishes Restrictions for Firearms in Daycare and Child Care Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 40)
April 15, 2024 ME LD 1696 Establishes a Cause of Action for Persons Suffering Damages Arising from Illegal Sale of Marketing of Firearms (71 - 69)
May 23, 2021 TX HB 1927 Authorizes Permitless Handgun Carry to Adults 21 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (82 - 62)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 22)
April 12, 2011 MT HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 29)
April 19, 2021 ND HB 1383 Prohibits State Enforcement of Federal Regulations on Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (80 - 12)
April 22, 2019 IN HB 1284 Expands "Stand Your Ground" Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (64 - 17)
April 5, 2013 KS SB 102 Prohibits the Enforcement of Federal Firearm Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 24)
March 5, 2024 SC H 3594 Authorizes Permitless Carriage of Firearms by Eligible Adults Conference Report Adopted - House (86 - 33)
April 8, 2021 KS HB 2089 Restructures Firearm Safety Education Training Programs for School Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 44)
March 11, 2010 VA HB 505 Authorizing Concealed Firearms in Establishments that Serve Alcohol Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 27)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 17)
Sept. 11, 2017 CA AB 424 Amends School Gun Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 27)
March 11, 2023 WV HB 3354 Authorizes Municipalities to Combine Operations with Other Municipalities Concurrence Vote Passed - House (81 - 54)
March 10, 2018 WY HB 168 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground" Policy Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 11)
June 7, 2018 NJ A 1217 Authorizes Extreme Risk Protective Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 11)
April 8, 2023 MD HB 824 Prohibits Certain Individuals on Probation from Receiving a Concealed Carry Permit Concurrence Vote Passed - House (98 - 40)
June 7, 2018 NJ A 2761 Prohibits Firearm Magazines with More than 10 Rounds Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 20)
June 28, 2018 MA H 4670 Authorizes Temporary Firearm Removal to Those Deemed a Threat Concurrence Vote Passed - House (132 - 15)
May 5, 2023 VT H 230 Establishes New Restrictions on Firearm Purchase to Prevent Suicide Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 34)
Dec. 6, 2018 OH HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 22)
April 3, 2018 MD HB 1302 Authorizes Extreme Risk Protective Order Concurrence Vote Passed - House (93 - 46)
April 5, 2018 MD HB 819 Amends Handgun Permit Rules and Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (98 - 31)
March 7, 2018 SD HB 1083 Amends Concealed Carry Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 3)
Jan. 10, 2023 IL HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 41)
June 5, 2022 LA HB 8 Authorizes Current and Former Officials to Carry Handguns Concurrence Vote Passed - House (80 - 16)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/28 HR 5827 Exempting Guns from an Estate for Bankruptcy Purposes Bill Passed - House (307 - 113)
4/19 HB 573 Concealed Weapons for Judges Bill Passed - House (86 - 15)
3/06 H 630 School Grounds - Violence Bill Passed - House (49 - 12)
3/21 HB 2528 Concealed Gun Regulations Bill Passed - House (107 - 17)
2/28 2SSB 251 Concealed Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 13)
1/09 A 2302 Childproof Firearms Sales Bill Passed - House (91 - 44)
2/14 HB 1011 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (34 - 30)
3/28 SB 34 Concealed Weapons Permits Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
4/06 HB 962 Authorizing Guns in Restaurants that Serve Alcohol Bill Passed - House (70 - 26)
4/25 Sub H-1 Self Defense Bill/ Deadly Force Bill Bill Passed - House (90 - 16)
3/21 Sub for HB 5192 Hunting License Program and Firearms Age Restriction Bill Passed - House (86 - 17)
3/16 HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/06 SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
5/08 A 8098 Drug Law Reform and Drug Treatment Bill Passed - House (81 - 59)
9/10 SB 656 Authorizes School Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property Veto Override Passed - House (117 - 39)
9/14 SB 656 Authorizes Concealed Carry Without a Permit Veto Override Passed - House (112 - 41)
9/14 SB 88 Civil Immunity from Acts of Self Defense Veto Override Passed - House (251 - 111)
4/22 SB 479 Prohibits Individuals Subject to a Protective Order From Possessing Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 42)
6/19 LD 1240 Establishes Penalties for Unauthorized Private Gun Sales and Requires Background Checks Bill Passed - House (78 - 71)
7/09 HB 183 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Firearms Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 31)
12/04 SB 681 Authorizes State Residents To Purchase Ammunition From In-State Companies Veto Override Passed - House (78 - 28)
9/11 HB 436 Prohibits the Enforcement of Federal Firearm Regulations Veto Override Passed - House (109 - 49)
12/27 HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Veto Override Passed - House (67 - 22)
3/04 HB 4145 Authorizes Concealed Carry without Permit Veto Override Passed - House (64 - 33)
3/29 SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 45)
4/05 HB 2578 Prohibits a City or County from Regulating Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 19)
5/03 HB 2075 Requires Inspection of Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 8)
5/21 HB 2162 Prohibits State Funds from Being Used to Lobby for Firearm Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 28)
5/13 SB 656 Authorizes Concealed Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (114 - 36)
4/17 LD 2086 Amending Laws Governing the Disposition of Forefeited Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (74 - 68)
5/16 SB 656 Authorizes School Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property Conference Report Adopted - House (111 - 28)
6/14 HB 300 Prohibits Bump Stocks Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 2)
5/04 HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - House (35 - 24)
6/24 S 2938 Bipartisan Safer Communities Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (234 - 193)
3/20 HB 60 Amends Firearm Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (112 - 58)
6/04 SB 3012 Guns in Bars Veto Override Passed - House (61 - 30)
3/15 HB 1229 Requires Background Checks for Private Gun Sales and Transfers Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 27)
9/10 SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
3/27 SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - House (79 - 32)
3/04 HB 1065 Authorizing Firearms at Workplace Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 20)
4/16 HB 995 Authorizes Firearms in Public Parks Conference Report Adopted - House (62 - 25)
7/23 HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 41)
4/09 HB 228 Amending Concealed Weapons and Self-Defense Statutes Conference Report Adopted - House (85 - 14)
3/05 SB 70 Requires Background Check for Firearm Transfers Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 46)
7/31 H 4278 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (122 - 30)
3/13 SB 229 Authorizes the Concealed Possession of Firearms on School Property Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 24)
1/23 SB 308 Authorizes Carrying Concealed Weapons into Businesses that Serve Alcohol Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 18)
9/10 AB 711 Prohibits Lead Ammunition for Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 29)
5/31 HB 352 Authorizes Bobcat Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 46)
3/03 SB 5434 Establishes Restrictions for Firearms in Daycare and Child Care Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 40)
4/15 LD 1696 Establishes a Cause of Action for Persons Suffering Damages Arising from Illegal Sale of Marketing of Firearms (71 - 69)
5/23 HB 1927 Authorizes Permitless Handgun Carry to Adults 21 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (82 - 62)
4/26 HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 22)
4/12 HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 29)
4/19 HB 1383 Prohibits State Enforcement of Federal Regulations on Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (80 - 12)
4/22 HB 1284 Expands "Stand Your Ground" Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (64 - 17)
4/05 SB 102 Prohibits the Enforcement of Federal Firearm Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 24)
3/05 H 3594 Authorizes Permitless Carriage of Firearms by Eligible Adults Conference Report Adopted - House (86 - 33)
4/08 HB 2089 Restructures Firearm Safety Education Training Programs for School Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 44)
3/11 HB 505 Authorizing Concealed Firearms in Establishments that Serve Alcohol Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 27)
9/07 AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 17)
9/11 AB 424 Amends School Gun Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 27)
3/11 HB 3354 Authorizes Municipalities to Combine Operations with Other Municipalities Concurrence Vote Passed - House (81 - 54)
3/10 HB 168 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground" Policy Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 11)
6/07 A 1217 Authorizes Extreme Risk Protective Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 11)
4/08 HB 824 Prohibits Certain Individuals on Probation from Receiving a Concealed Carry Permit Concurrence Vote Passed - House (98 - 40)
6/07 A 2761 Prohibits Firearm Magazines with More than 10 Rounds Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 20)
6/28 H 4670 Authorizes Temporary Firearm Removal to Those Deemed a Threat Concurrence Vote Passed - House (132 - 15)
5/05 H 230 Establishes New Restrictions on Firearm Purchase to Prevent Suicide Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 34)
12/06 HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 22)
4/03 HB 1302 Authorizes Extreme Risk Protective Order Concurrence Vote Passed - House (93 - 46)
4/05 HB 819 Amends Handgun Permit Rules and Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (98 - 31)
3/07 HB 1083 Amends Concealed Carry Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 3)
1/10 HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 41)
6/05 HB 8 Authorizes Current and Former Officials to Carry Handguns Concurrence Vote Passed - House (80 - 16)
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