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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 26, 2020 VA SB 35 Authorizes Localities to Prohibit Guns at Public Events Bill Passed - House (53 - 46)
April 4, 2019 HI SB 600 Prohibits Individuals Younger than 21 from Bringing Firearms into the State Bill Passed - House (37 - 12)
Sept. 11, 2013 CA SB 755 Expands List of Crimes that Disqualify an Individual from Firearm Ownership Bill Passed - House (45 - 28)
May 28, 2024 RI S 2202 Requires Firearms to be Safely Stored in a Container That Contains a Trigger Lock Function Bill Passed - House (46 - 24)
May 31, 2022 LA SB 379 Prohibits Felons Convicted of Gun-Related Offenses at 16 or 17 From Carrying a Firearm Bill Passed - House (59 - 39)
Feb. 12, 2013 VA SB 1335 Prohibits Disclosure of Concealed Firearm Permit Information Bill Passed - House (76 - 23)
Oct. 30, 2019 PA SB 147 Establishes Hunting Regulations on Sundays Bill Passed - House (144 - 54)
May 20, 2021 NV SB 6 Authorizes Seizure of Firearms from "High-Risk" Individuals Bill Passed - House (29 - 11)
Sept. 11, 2019 CA SB 172 Amends Firearm Storage Regulations Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Sept. 13, 2019 CA SB 61 Prohibits Purchasing More than One Gun per Month Bill Passed - House (55 - 22)
Dec. 13, 2012 MI SB 59 Expands Areas Where Concealed Weapons are Authorized Bill Passed - House (68 - 41)
June 20, 2019 NJ S 3897 Prohibits Persons Convicted of Certain Crimes from Purchasing Guns Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
June 20, 2019 NJ S 101 Requires Firearm Retailers to Sell Personalized Handguns Bill Passed - House (49 - 23)
June 19, 2012 NY A 1157B Requires Firearms to Have Microstamping Technology Bill Passed - House (85 - 60)
Aug. 11, 2022 CA SB 1384 Requires Firearm Dealers to Use Video Surveillance Systems Bill Passed - House (53 - 19)
April 10, 2023 WA SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
March 24, 2023 WA SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Bill Passed - House (93 - 42)
Aug. 26, 2014 CA SB 199 Requires Certain Replica Guns to be Sold in Fluorescent Colors Bill Passed - House (43 - 34)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA SB 5444 Prohibits Open Carrying of Guns in Zoos, Libraries and Transit Centers Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
May 29, 2018 IL SB 337 Amends Gun Dealer Licensing Rules Bill Passed - House (65 - 49)
April 29, 2015 NH SB 116 Repeals License Requirement for Concealed Handguns Bill Passed - House (212 - 150)
March 25, 2015 KS SB 45 Authorizes Concealed Firearms Without a License Bill Passed - House (85 - 39)
April 16, 2024 ME LD 2224 Increases Maine's Firearm Laws and Mental Health System Bill Passed - House (75 - 68)
March 12, 2015 WV SB 347 Repeals the Requirement of a License for Concealed Guns Bill Passed - House (71 - 29)
May 30, 2018 IL SB 3256 Requires 72 Hour Waiting Period for Guns Bill Passed - House (72 - 44)
April 6, 2023 MD SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Bill Passed - House (100 - 37)
May 27, 2015 TX SB 11 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (102 - 44)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 23)
Feb. 25, 2015 MI SB 34 Amends Concealed Carry Licensing Procedures Bill Passed - House (76 - 34)
Sept. 1, 2015 CA SB 707 Prohibits Concealed Firearms on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (54 - 24)
May 3, 2021 TN SB 1335 Classifies Tennessee as a "Second Amendment Sanctuary State" Bill Passed - House (75 - 13)
Aug. 28, 2023 TN SB 7085 Requires Safety Storage Training be Added to Future Firearm Training Courses Bill Passed - House (77 - 9)
Feb. 23, 2018 WA SB 5992 Prohibits Bump Stocks Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
March 10, 2023 WV SB 608 Amends the Definition for What is Considered a "Deadly Weapon" Bill Passed - House (92 - 3)
April 17, 2023 MT SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Bill Passed - House (69 - 28)
April 26, 2016 AZ SB 1257 Authorizes Concelead Carry of Firearms in Public Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
May 11, 2016 NH SB 336 Amends Requirements to Obtain Concealed Carry License Bill Passed - House (217 - 132)
April 7, 2016 HI SB 2954 Requires Gun Owners to Register in Database Bill Passed - House (26 - 21)
June 30, 2016 CA SB 1235 Requires Background Checks to Buy Ammunition Bill Passed - House (46 - 30)
Feb. 17, 2022 UT SB 115 Prohibits Local Jurisdiction of State Firearm Laws Bill Passed - House (58 - 16)
March 15, 2017 NM SB 259 Prohibits Certain Individuals from Possessing or Purchasing Firearms Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
May 6, 2013 TX SB 864 Reduces Required Hours for Concealed Handgun License Training Bill Passed - House (116 - 30)
May 5, 2023 CO SB 23-279 Prohibits the Sale of Unserialized Firearms Commonly Known as "Ghost Guns" Bill Passed - House (46 - 18)
April 12, 2021 MT SB 283 Specifies Response to Guns in Schools Bill Passed - House (87 - 13)
May 21, 2019 TX SB 535 Authorizes Handguns on the Premises of Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (86 - 53)
April 3, 2013 CT SB 1160 Establishes Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement Bill Passed - House (105 - 44)
March 29, 2022 MD SB 387 Prohibits the Sale of Ghost Guns Bill Passed - House (92 - 41)
March 28, 2017 AZ SB 1122 Authorizes Sale of Firearms without Background Checks Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
May 15, 2020 OK SB 1081 Prohibits Localities from Enacting "Red Flag" Firearm Ordinances Bill Passed - House (77 - 14)
June 2, 2022 NY S 9458 Requires License for Possession of Semi-Automatic Firearm Bill Passed - House (102 - 47)
June 2, 2022 NY S 9113 Expands Red Flag Law Relating to Potentially Violent Individuals Bill Passed - House (119 - 30)
June 2, 2022 NY S 9407 Prohibits Civilian Purchase of Bullet-Resistant Vests Bill Passed - House (105 - 44)
April 2, 2020 NY S 7505 Amends Criminal Justice Laws Bill Passed - House (96 - 45)
March 7, 2024 DE SB 2 Prohibits Handgun Ownership Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (23 - 16)
Feb. 7, 2020 KY SB 8 Requires School Districts Have Armed School Resource Officers Bill Passed - House (78 - 8)
Jan. 23, 2020 WA HB 1010 Requires the Disposition of Forfeited Firearms Bill Passed - House (56 - 42)
March 7, 2018 FL SB 7026 Establishes the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (67 - 50)
Feb. 28, 2018 IL SB 1657 Requires State-Level License to Sell Firearms Bill Passed - House (64 - 52)
Jan. 29, 2019 NY S 101 Prohibits Firearms on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (104 - 40)
April 25, 2022 TN SB 2628 Authorizes Short-Barreled Shotguns Bill Passed - House (80 - 7)
June 28, 2022 DE SB 302 Establishes New Legal Regulations for Firearm Industry Members Bill Passed - House (23 - 18)
July 1, 2022 NY S 51001 Requires Social Media Account Disclosure for Individuals Applying for a Handgun License Bill Passed - House (90 - 52)
March 4, 2019 NY S 2450 Increases Penalties for Improper Gun Storages Bill Passed - House (91 - 52)
March 6, 2014 ID S 1254 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Firearms on College or University Campuses Bill Passed - House (50 - 19)
June 8, 2021 NY S 7196 Authorizes the State to Sue Gun Manufactures for Damages Caused by Guns Bill Passed - House (94 - 55)
June 22, 2022 AZ SB 1251 Defines the Classification of Armed Robbery and Deadly Weapons Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
Jan. 29, 2019 NY S 2449 Establishes a Firearm Buyback Program Bill Passed - House (108 - 36)
Feb. 28, 2013 TN SB 142 Authorizes Handguns in Parking Areas Bill Passed - House (72 - 22)
Feb. 11, 2016 VA HB 1096 Prohibits Regulation of Firearms without Legislative Authorization Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Feb. 13, 2013 WY SF 132 Authorizes the Use of Silencers While Hunting Bill Passed - House (44 - 14)
April 4, 2022 GA SB 259 Amends Firearm Open Carry and Possession Laws Bill Passed - House (94 - 67)
Nov. 16, 2021 PA SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (107 - 92)
June 29, 2022 NJ S 1204 Expands Requirements for Firearm Registration Bill Passed - House (51 - 27)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/26 SB 35 Authorizes Localities to Prohibit Guns at Public Events Bill Passed - House (53 - 46)
4/04 SB 600 Prohibits Individuals Younger than 21 from Bringing Firearms into the State Bill Passed - House (37 - 12)
9/11 SB 755 Expands List of Crimes that Disqualify an Individual from Firearm Ownership Bill Passed - House (45 - 28)
5/28 S 2202 Requires Firearms to be Safely Stored in a Container That Contains a Trigger Lock Function Bill Passed - House (46 - 24)
5/31 SB 379 Prohibits Felons Convicted of Gun-Related Offenses at 16 or 17 From Carrying a Firearm Bill Passed - House (59 - 39)
2/12 SB 1335 Prohibits Disclosure of Concealed Firearm Permit Information Bill Passed - House (76 - 23)
10/30 SB 147 Establishes Hunting Regulations on Sundays Bill Passed - House (144 - 54)
5/20 SB 6 Authorizes Seizure of Firearms from "High-Risk" Individuals Bill Passed - House (29 - 11)
9/11 SB 172 Amends Firearm Storage Regulations Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
9/13 SB 61 Prohibits Purchasing More than One Gun per Month Bill Passed - House (55 - 22)
12/13 SB 59 Expands Areas Where Concealed Weapons are Authorized Bill Passed - House (68 - 41)
6/20 S 3897 Prohibits Persons Convicted of Certain Crimes from Purchasing Guns Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
6/20 S 101 Requires Firearm Retailers to Sell Personalized Handguns Bill Passed - House (49 - 23)
6/19 A 1157B Requires Firearms to Have Microstamping Technology Bill Passed - House (85 - 60)
8/11 SB 1384 Requires Firearm Dealers to Use Video Surveillance Systems Bill Passed - House (53 - 19)
4/10 SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
3/24 SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
4/10 SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Bill Passed - House (93 - 42)
8/26 SB 199 Requires Certain Replica Guns to be Sold in Fluorescent Colors Bill Passed - House (43 - 34)
2/27 SB 5444 Prohibits Open Carrying of Guns in Zoos, Libraries and Transit Centers Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
5/29 SB 337 Amends Gun Dealer Licensing Rules Bill Passed - House (65 - 49)
4/29 SB 116 Repeals License Requirement for Concealed Handguns Bill Passed - House (212 - 150)
3/25 SB 45 Authorizes Concealed Firearms Without a License Bill Passed - House (85 - 39)
4/16 LD 2224 Increases Maine's Firearm Laws and Mental Health System Bill Passed - House (75 - 68)
3/12 SB 347 Repeals the Requirement of a License for Concealed Guns Bill Passed - House (71 - 29)
5/30 SB 3256 Requires 72 Hour Waiting Period for Guns Bill Passed - House (72 - 44)
4/06 SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Bill Passed - House (100 - 37)
5/27 SB 11 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (102 - 44)
9/11 SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 23)
2/25 SB 34 Amends Concealed Carry Licensing Procedures Bill Passed - House (76 - 34)
9/01 SB 707 Prohibits Concealed Firearms on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (54 - 24)
5/03 SB 1335 Classifies Tennessee as a "Second Amendment Sanctuary State" Bill Passed - House (75 - 13)
8/28 SB 7085 Requires Safety Storage Training be Added to Future Firearm Training Courses Bill Passed - House (77 - 9)
2/23 SB 5992 Prohibits Bump Stocks Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
3/10 SB 608 Amends the Definition for What is Considered a "Deadly Weapon" Bill Passed - House (92 - 3)
4/17 SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Bill Passed - House (69 - 28)
4/26 SB 1257 Authorizes Concelead Carry of Firearms in Public Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
2/28 SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
5/11 SB 336 Amends Requirements to Obtain Concealed Carry License Bill Passed - House (217 - 132)
4/07 SB 2954 Requires Gun Owners to Register in Database Bill Passed - House (26 - 21)
6/30 SB 1235 Requires Background Checks to Buy Ammunition Bill Passed - House (46 - 30)
2/17 SB 115 Prohibits Local Jurisdiction of State Firearm Laws Bill Passed - House (58 - 16)
3/15 SB 259 Prohibits Certain Individuals from Possessing or Purchasing Firearms Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
5/06 SB 864 Reduces Required Hours for Concealed Handgun License Training Bill Passed - House (116 - 30)
5/05 SB 23-279 Prohibits the Sale of Unserialized Firearms Commonly Known as "Ghost Guns" Bill Passed - House (46 - 18)
4/12 SB 283 Specifies Response to Guns in Schools Bill Passed - House (87 - 13)
5/21 SB 535 Authorizes Handguns on the Premises of Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (86 - 53)
4/03 SB 1160 Establishes Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement Bill Passed - House (105 - 44)
3/29 SB 387 Prohibits the Sale of Ghost Guns Bill Passed - House (92 - 41)
3/28 SB 1122 Authorizes Sale of Firearms without Background Checks Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
5/15 SB 1081 Prohibits Localities from Enacting "Red Flag" Firearm Ordinances Bill Passed - House (77 - 14)
6/02 S 9458 Requires License for Possession of Semi-Automatic Firearm Bill Passed - House (102 - 47)
6/02 S 9113 Expands Red Flag Law Relating to Potentially Violent Individuals Bill Passed - House (119 - 30)
6/02 S 9407 Prohibits Civilian Purchase of Bullet-Resistant Vests Bill Passed - House (105 - 44)
4/02 S 7505 Amends Criminal Justice Laws Bill Passed - House (96 - 45)
3/07 SB 2 Prohibits Handgun Ownership Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (23 - 16)
2/07 SB 8 Requires School Districts Have Armed School Resource Officers Bill Passed - House (78 - 8)
1/23 HB 1010 Requires the Disposition of Forfeited Firearms Bill Passed - House (56 - 42)
3/07 SB 7026 Establishes the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (67 - 50)
2/28 SB 1657 Requires State-Level License to Sell Firearms Bill Passed - House (64 - 52)
1/29 S 101 Prohibits Firearms on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (104 - 40)
4/25 SB 2628 Authorizes Short-Barreled Shotguns Bill Passed - House (80 - 7)
6/28 SB 302 Establishes New Legal Regulations for Firearm Industry Members Bill Passed - House (23 - 18)
7/01 S 51001 Requires Social Media Account Disclosure for Individuals Applying for a Handgun License Bill Passed - House (90 - 52)
3/04 S 2450 Increases Penalties for Improper Gun Storages Bill Passed - House (91 - 52)
3/06 S 1254 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Firearms on College or University Campuses Bill Passed - House (50 - 19)
6/08 S 7196 Authorizes the State to Sue Gun Manufactures for Damages Caused by Guns Bill Passed - House (94 - 55)
6/22 SB 1251 Defines the Classification of Armed Robbery and Deadly Weapons Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
1/29 S 2449 Establishes a Firearm Buyback Program Bill Passed - House (108 - 36)
2/28 SB 142 Authorizes Handguns in Parking Areas Bill Passed - House (72 - 22)
2/11 HB 1096 Prohibits Regulation of Firearms without Legislative Authorization Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
2/13 SF 132 Authorizes the Use of Silencers While Hunting Bill Passed - House (44 - 14)
4/04 SB 259 Amends Firearm Open Carry and Possession Laws Bill Passed - House (94 - 67)
11/16 SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (107 - 92)
6/29 S 1204 Expands Requirements for Firearm Registration Bill Passed - House (51 - 27)
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