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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 7, 2019 GA HB 444 Limits State Funding for Dual Enrollment Bill Passed - House (99 - 72)
March 5, 2022 FL HB 45 Rescinds Tuition Fees for Disabled Veterans Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 9, 2023 MD HB 50 Requires Private Education Lenders and Loan Collectors to Posses Documentation for Student Loan Borrowers Bill Passed - House (103 - 32)
March 9, 2012 FL HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 8)
March 9, 2012 FL HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (80 - 37)
Feb. 23, 2012 FL HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
Feb. 9, 2012 FL HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Bill Passed - House (79 - 38)
Jan. 31, 2017 RI HB 5098 Exempts University Researchers from Public Records Requests Bill Passed - House (59 - 8)
May 27, 2020 MI HB 5217 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (94 - 13)
March 18, 2013 TN HB 534 Authorizes University Student Organizations to Limit Membership Based on Religion Bill Passed - House (75 - 21)
June 5, 2012 MI HB 5372 School Aid Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 17)
June 1, 2012 MI HB 5372 School Aid Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (58 - 51)
May 7, 2024 CT HB 5523 Appropriates Funding for the State Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
May 7, 2024 CT HB 5523 Appropriates Funding for the State Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - House (103 - 48)
March 29, 2012 IL HB 5531 Limits Tuition Waivers for State University Employees Bill Failed - House (26 - 75)
March 29, 2021 KY HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Veto Override Failed - House (51 - 42)
March 16, 2021 KY HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
July 22, 2020 MI HB 5911 Expands Access to Virtual Classes at Parental Request Due to Health Concerns Bill Passed - House (57 - 47)
Dec. 16, 2014 MI HB 6074 Prohibits Student Athletes from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
Dec. 9, 2014 MI HB 6074 Prohibits Student Athletes from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - House (59 - 50)
May 24, 2011 CT HB 6390 Access to Postsecondary Education Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
May 12, 2011 CT HB 6390 Access to Postsecondary Education Bill Passed - House (77 - 63)
June 1, 2021 CT HB 6402 Authorizes Student-Athletes to Receive Compensation for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - House (136 - 11)
May 16, 2012 AL HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 37)
May 16, 2012 AL HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
April 19, 2012 AL HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Bill Passed - House (64 - 34)
April 18, 2013 CT HB 6648 Authorizes University Board of Regents to Appoint President of the Board Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
May 3, 2023 CT HB 6689 Establishes Student Loan Subsidies for Certain Health Care Professionals Bill Passed - House (121 - 23)
May 29, 2015 CT HB 6844 Amends Eligibility Requirements for In-State Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
May 19, 2015 CT HB 6844 Amends Eligibility Requirements for In-State Tuition Bill Passed - House (78 - 70)
June 18, 2012 NC HB 7 Authorizes Community Colleges to Opt Out of Federal Loan Program Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
June 14, 2012 NC HB 7 Authorizes Community Colleges to Opt Out of Federal Loan Program Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 46)
Feb. 16, 2011 UT HB 75 Guns On School Premises Bill Passed - House (58 - 15)
June 23, 2015 PA HB 805 Requires Schools to Use Teacher Performance Evaluations Bill Passed - House (100 - 91)
May 2, 2014 FL HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - House (84 - 32)
May 1, 2014 FL HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
March 20, 2014 FL HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Bill Passed - House (81 - 33)
March 11, 2016 GA HB 859 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms at Institutions of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 17)
Feb. 22, 2016 GA HB 859 Authorizes Concealed Carry at Postsecondary Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (113 - 59)
Jan. 28, 2020 OH HB 9 Authorizes Receiving a GED from a Higher Education Institution Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
July 23, 2013 NC HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 14)
July 23, 2013 NC HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 41)
May 7, 2013 NC HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Bill Passed - House (78 - 42)
May 6, 2013 TX HB 972 Authorizes Concealed Handguns on Higher Education Campuses Bill Passed - House (102 - 41)
April 23, 2013 ND HCR 3047 Establishes a Commission of Higher Education Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 34)
April 22, 2013 ND HCR 3047 Establishes a Commission of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
May 10, 2023 MN HF 2073 Appropriates State Funding for Free College Tuition and Automatic Admission Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 30)
May 9, 2023 MN HF 2073 Appropriates State Funding for Free College Tuition and Automatic Admission Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 62)
March 14, 2022 MN HF 2353 Expands Student Privacy Rights Bill Passed - House (75 - 57)
March 13, 2012 IA HF 2380 Amends Education Provisions Bill Passed - House (53 - 46)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/07 HB 444 Limits State Funding for Dual Enrollment Bill Passed - House (99 - 72)
3/05 HB 45 Rescinds Tuition Fees for Disabled Veterans Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/09 HB 50 Requires Private Education Lenders and Loan Collectors to Posses Documentation for Student Loan Borrowers Bill Passed - House (103 - 32)
3/09 HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 8)
3/09 HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (80 - 37)
2/23 HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
2/09 HB 5001 2012-2013 Budget Bill Passed - House (79 - 38)
1/31 HB 5098 Exempts University Researchers from Public Records Requests Bill Passed - House (59 - 8)
5/27 HB 5217 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (94 - 13)
3/18 HB 534 Authorizes University Student Organizations to Limit Membership Based on Religion Bill Passed - House (75 - 21)
6/05 HB 5372 School Aid Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 17)
6/01 HB 5372 School Aid Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (58 - 51)
5/07 HB 5523 Appropriates Funding for the State Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
5/07 HB 5523 Appropriates Funding for the State Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - House (103 - 48)
3/29 HB 5531 Limits Tuition Waivers for State University Employees Bill Failed - House (26 - 75)
3/29 HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Veto Override Failed - House (51 - 42)
3/16 HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
7/22 HB 5911 Expands Access to Virtual Classes at Parental Request Due to Health Concerns Bill Passed - House (57 - 47)
12/16 HB 6074 Prohibits Student Athletes from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
12/09 HB 6074 Prohibits Student Athletes from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - House (59 - 50)
5/24 HB 6390 Access to Postsecondary Education Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
5/12 HB 6390 Access to Postsecondary Education Bill Passed - House (77 - 63)
6/01 HB 6402 Authorizes Student-Athletes to Receive Compensation for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - House (136 - 11)
5/16 HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 37)
5/16 HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
4/19 HB 658 Amends Immigration Regulations Bill Passed - House (64 - 34)
4/18 HB 6648 Authorizes University Board of Regents to Appoint President of the Board Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
5/03 HB 6689 Establishes Student Loan Subsidies for Certain Health Care Professionals Bill Passed - House (121 - 23)
5/29 HB 6844 Amends Eligibility Requirements for In-State Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
5/19 HB 6844 Amends Eligibility Requirements for In-State Tuition Bill Passed - House (78 - 70)
6/18 HB 7 Authorizes Community Colleges to Opt Out of Federal Loan Program Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
6/14 HB 7 Authorizes Community Colleges to Opt Out of Federal Loan Program Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 46)
2/16 HB 75 Guns On School Premises Bill Passed - House (58 - 15)
6/23 HB 805 Requires Schools to Use Teacher Performance Evaluations Bill Passed - House (100 - 91)
5/02 HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - House (84 - 32)
5/01 HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
3/20 HB 851 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Non-Citizen Individuals Bill Passed - House (81 - 33)
3/11 HB 859 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms at Institutions of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 17)
2/22 HB 859 Authorizes Concealed Carry at Postsecondary Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (113 - 59)
1/28 HB 9 Authorizes Receiving a GED from a Higher Education Institution Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
7/23 HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 14)
7/23 HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 41)
5/07 HB 937 Amends Firearm Laws Bill Passed - House (78 - 42)
5/06 HB 972 Authorizes Concealed Handguns on Higher Education Campuses Bill Passed - House (102 - 41)
4/23 HCR 3047 Establishes a Commission of Higher Education Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 34)
4/22 HCR 3047 Establishes a Commission of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
5/10 HF 2073 Appropriates State Funding for Free College Tuition and Automatic Admission Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 30)
5/09 HF 2073 Appropriates State Funding for Free College Tuition and Automatic Admission Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 62)
3/14 HF 2353 Expands Student Privacy Rights Bill Passed - House (75 - 57)
3/13 HF 2380 Amends Education Provisions Bill Passed - House (53 - 46)
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