Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 23, 2023 KS SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
Jan. 18, 2023 PA SB 84 Authorizes Teacher Religious Garb in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Dec. 13, 2023 PA SB 843 Amends Various Education Regulations and Standards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 5)
April 20, 2023 MI SB 88 Require Schools and Child Care Centers Develop a Drinking Water Management Plan Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
March 16, 2023 KY SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
May 13, 2023 AK SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 13, 2023 AK SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
March 1, 2023 WY SF 174 Establishes a State Charter School Review Board Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
Jan. 13, 2023 WY SF 49 Amends State Anti-Bullying Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Jan. 13, 2023 WY SF 49 Amends State Anti-Bullying Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
March 22, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
March 22, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
May 3, 2023 IA SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)
Nov. 15, 2023 National S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/23 SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
1/18 SB 84 Authorizes Teacher Religious Garb in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
12/13 SB 843 Amends Various Education Regulations and Standards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 5)
4/20 SB 88 Require Schools and Child Care Centers Develop a Drinking Water Management Plan Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
3/16 SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
5/13 SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/13 SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
3/01 SF 174 Establishes a State Charter School Review Board Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
3/07 SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
1/13 SF 49 Amends State Anti-Bullying Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
1/13 SF 49 Amends State Anti-Bullying Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
3/22 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
3/22 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
5/03 SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)
11/15 S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)

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