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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 3, 2023 AK HB 61 Limits State Restrictions on Firearms Bill Passed - House (26 - 12)
Feb. 25, 2013 AK HB 69 Exempts Firearms from Federal Regulation Bill Passed - House (31 - 5)
April 9, 2011 AK HB 80 Expands the Use of Deadly Force Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
May 2, 2013 AL SB 286 Amends Firearm Regulations Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
April 30, 2013 AL HB 8 Requires Courts to Apply "Strict Scrutiny" to Certain Firearm Regulation Laws Bill Passed - House (76 - 22)
Feb. 22, 2022 AL HB 272 Authorizes Permitless Carry of Handguns Bill Passed - House (65 - 37)
April 7, 2022 AL SB 2 Prohibits Enforcement of Certain Federal Gun Policies Bill Passed - House (68 - 28)
Feb. 15, 2018 AL HB 34 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground' in Defense of Church Members Bill Passed - House (40 - 16)
Feb. 11, 2009 AR HB 1237 Allowing Concealed Weapons in Churches Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
April 21, 2021 AR SB 573 Authorizes Concealed Carry in Government Buildings, Parks and Property Bill Passed - House (78 - 16)
Feb. 24, 2021 AR SB 24 Expands "Stand Your Ground" Laws Bill Passed - House (72 - 23)
March 8, 2013 AR HB 1329 Reduces Concealed Carry License Application Fee Bill Failed - House (31 - 52)
March 19, 2013 AR HB 1819 Prohibits Governor from Regulating Firearms in an Emergency Bill Passed - House (78 - 9)
Jan. 18, 2023 AR HB 1018 Authorizes Bomb Squads to Carry Weapons and Make Arrests Bill Passed - House (71 - 9)
Feb. 16, 2023 AR HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
Feb. 15, 2013 AR HB 1243 Authorizes University Staff to Carry a Concealed Handgun Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
March 25, 2011 AR HB 1958 Authorizes Concealed Handguns In Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (65 - 23)
June 27, 2008 AZ HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Conference Report Adopted - House (33 - 21)
May 21, 2008 AZ HB 2629 Legalizing the Defensive Display of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 26)
April 12, 2006 AZ HB 2074 Concealed Weapons; Training Requirement; Renewal Concurrence Vote Passed - House (38 - 19)
June 4, 2007 AZ SB 1251 Secure Storage of Guns at Public Establishments Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
March 4, 2008 AZ HB 2630 Illegally Concealed Weapon Penalty Reduction Bill Passed - House (36 - 24)
March 27, 2008 AZ HB 2788 Relaxing Concealed Weapon Restrictions Bill Passed - House (51 - 5)
March 11, 2008 AZ HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Bill Passed - House (37 - 22)
Feb. 7, 2006 AZ HB 2074 Concealed Weapons; Training Requirement; Renewal Bill Passed - House (33 - 24)
March 16, 2006 AZ HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 6, 2006 AZ SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
April 26, 2016 AZ SB 1257 Authorizes Concelead Carry of Firearms in Public Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
April 20, 2011 AZ SB 1610 Official State Gun Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
June 22, 2022 AZ SB 1177 Requires Renewal Reminder Notices for Concealed Weapon Permittees Bill Passed - House (54 - 4)
June 22, 2022 AZ SB 1251 Defines the Classification of Armed Robbery and Deadly Weapons Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
March 28, 2017 AZ SB 1122 Authorizes Sale of Firearms without Background Checks Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
March 3, 2021 AZ HB 2840 Authorizes Individuals to Bring Loaded Weapons on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
March 12, 2014 AZ HB 2339 Authorizes Individuals with State Issued Gun Permits to Carry in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
March 12, 2014 AZ HB 2517 Establishes Penalties for Violations of an Existing State Firearms Law Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
Feb. 18, 2016 AZ HB 2446 Amends the Definition of Prohibited Weapons Bill Passed - House (38 - 20)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
March 12, 2015 AZ HB 2431 Establishes an Interstate Compact to Regulate Firearm Transfers Bill Passed - House (34 - 24)
March 7, 2013 AZ HB 2326 Prohibits Identifying Information of Firearm Owners from Being Maintained Bill Passed - House (46 - 13)
Feb. 24, 2021 AZ HB 2551 Authorizes Individuals with Concealed Carry Permits to Enter Most Buildings with Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
Feb. 22, 2024 AZ HB 2843 Authorizes Individuals to Shoot Trespassers on Their Property Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 23, 2022 AZ HB 2473 Prohibits Discrimination Against a Firearm Entity Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 17, 2022 AZ HB 2414 Repeals Restrictions on Loaded Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
March 1, 2016 AZ HB 2524 Authorizes Compacts with Other States to Develop Firearm Transfer Laws Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
Feb. 24, 2015 AZ HB 2509 Amends Aggravated Assault Classifications Bill Passed - House (37 - 23)
March 7, 2013 AZ HB 2455 Requires the Sale of Certain Firearms Acquired by Public Agencies Bill Passed - House (36 - 23)
Feb. 29, 2016 AZ HB 2338 Authorizes Concealed Carry near Schools Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
March 4, 2019 AZ HB 2693 Repeals Requirement that Firearms be Unloaded on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
March 12, 2015 AZ HB 2320 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House
March 6, 2012 AZ HB 2729 Authorizes Guns in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
Feb. 24, 2010 AZ HB 2307 Federal Arms Regulation Exemption Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
Aug. 30, 2006 CA AB 352 Microstamping of Bullets Fired from Semi-Automatic Guns Concurrence Vote Failed - House (40 - 37)
Aug. 13, 2008 CA SB 1171 Expanding Loaded Firearm Restrictions Bill Passed - House (45 - 32)
May 29, 2007 CA AB 1471 Crime Gun Identification Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (44 - 31)
May 29, 2008 CA AB 2062 Regulation Of Ammunition Sales Bill Passed - House (42 - 32)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
Sept. 10, 2013 CA AB 711 Prohibits Lead Ammunition for Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 29)
June 29, 2022 CA AB 1621 Limits the Manufacture of Ghost Guns Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 14)
June 30, 2022 CA AB 2571 Prohibits Marketing of Firearms to Minors; Authorizes Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 15)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 17)
Sept. 11, 2017 CA AB 424 Amends School Gun Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 27)
Sept. 11, 2013 CA AB 48 Prohibits Large-Capacity Magazines and Large-Capacity Conversion Kits Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 30)
June 30, 2016 CA AB 1135 Prohibits Firearms with Bullet Button Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 30)
June 30, 2016 CA AB 1695 Prohibits Falsely Reporting the Loss or Theft of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 25)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 18)
June 29, 2022 CA AB 311 Prohibits the Sale of Firearms in Certain Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 18)
June 30, 2016 CA AB 1674 Limits the Purchase of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 34)
Aug. 29, 2014 CA AB 1014 Authorizes Gun Violence Restraining Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 28)
Sept. 11, 2013 CA SB 396 Limits Firearm Magazine Capacity Bill Failed - House (35 - 34)
Sept. 10, 2013 CA SB 374 Prohibits Semiautomatic Rifles with Detachable Magazines Bill Passed - House (44 - 31)
Sept. 11, 2013 CA SB 755 Expands List of Crimes that Disqualify an Individual from Firearm Ownership Bill Passed - House (45 - 28)
June 27, 2022 CA SB 1327 Authorizes Individuals to Sue Firearm Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (52 - 21)
April 18, 2013 CA SB 140 Appropriates Funds to the Armed Prohibited Persons System Bill Passed - House (65 - 10)
June 30, 2016 CA SB 1235 Requires Background Checks to Buy Ammunition Bill Passed - House (46 - 30)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 23)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/03 HB 61 Limits State Restrictions on Firearms Bill Passed - House (26 - 12)
2/25 HB 69 Exempts Firearms from Federal Regulation Bill Passed - House (31 - 5)
4/09 HB 80 Expands the Use of Deadly Force Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
5/02 SB 286 Amends Firearm Regulations Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
4/30 HB 8 Requires Courts to Apply "Strict Scrutiny" to Certain Firearm Regulation Laws Bill Passed - House (76 - 22)
2/22 HB 272 Authorizes Permitless Carry of Handguns Bill Passed - House (65 - 37)
4/07 SB 2 Prohibits Enforcement of Certain Federal Gun Policies Bill Passed - House (68 - 28)
2/15 HB 34 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground' in Defense of Church Members Bill Passed - House (40 - 16)
2/11 HB 1237 Allowing Concealed Weapons in Churches Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
4/21 SB 573 Authorizes Concealed Carry in Government Buildings, Parks and Property Bill Passed - House (78 - 16)
2/24 SB 24 Expands "Stand Your Ground" Laws Bill Passed - House (72 - 23)
3/08 HB 1329 Reduces Concealed Carry License Application Fee Bill Failed - House (31 - 52)
3/19 HB 1819 Prohibits Governor from Regulating Firearms in an Emergency Bill Passed - House (78 - 9)
1/18 HB 1018 Authorizes Bomb Squads to Carry Weapons and Make Arrests Bill Passed - House (71 - 9)
2/16 HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
2/15 HB 1243 Authorizes University Staff to Carry a Concealed Handgun Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
3/25 HB 1958 Authorizes Concealed Handguns In Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (65 - 23)
6/27 HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Conference Report Adopted - House (33 - 21)
5/21 HB 2629 Legalizing the Defensive Display of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 26)
4/12 HB 2074 Concealed Weapons; Training Requirement; Renewal Concurrence Vote Passed - House (38 - 19)
6/04 SB 1251 Secure Storage of Guns at Public Establishments Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
3/04 HB 2630 Illegally Concealed Weapon Penalty Reduction Bill Passed - House (36 - 24)
3/27 HB 2788 Relaxing Concealed Weapon Restrictions Bill Passed - House (51 - 5)
3/11 HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Bill Passed - House (37 - 22)
2/07 HB 2074 Concealed Weapons; Training Requirement; Renewal Bill Passed - House (33 - 24)
3/16 HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/06 SB 1425 Prohibition on Confiscation of Firearms During an Emergency Bill Passed - House (45 - 12)
4/26 SB 1257 Authorizes Concelead Carry of Firearms in Public Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
4/20 SB 1610 Official State Gun Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
6/22 SB 1177 Requires Renewal Reminder Notices for Concealed Weapon Permittees Bill Passed - House (54 - 4)
6/22 SB 1251 Defines the Classification of Armed Robbery and Deadly Weapons Bill Passed - House (40 - 18)
3/28 SB 1122 Authorizes Sale of Firearms without Background Checks Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
3/03 HB 2840 Authorizes Individuals to Bring Loaded Weapons on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
3/12 HB 2339 Authorizes Individuals with State Issued Gun Permits to Carry in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
3/12 HB 2517 Establishes Penalties for Violations of an Existing State Firearms Law Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
2/18 HB 2446 Amends the Definition of Prohibited Weapons Bill Passed - House (38 - 20)
2/21 HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
3/12 HB 2431 Establishes an Interstate Compact to Regulate Firearm Transfers Bill Passed - House (34 - 24)
3/07 HB 2326 Prohibits Identifying Information of Firearm Owners from Being Maintained Bill Passed - House (46 - 13)
2/24 HB 2551 Authorizes Individuals with Concealed Carry Permits to Enter Most Buildings with Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
2/22 HB 2843 Authorizes Individuals to Shoot Trespassers on Their Property Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/23 HB 2473 Prohibits Discrimination Against a Firearm Entity Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/17 HB 2414 Repeals Restrictions on Loaded Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
3/01 HB 2524 Authorizes Compacts with Other States to Develop Firearm Transfer Laws Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
2/24 HB 2509 Amends Aggravated Assault Classifications Bill Passed - House (37 - 23)
3/07 HB 2455 Requires the Sale of Certain Firearms Acquired by Public Agencies Bill Passed - House (36 - 23)
2/29 HB 2338 Authorizes Concealed Carry near Schools Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
3/04 HB 2693 Repeals Requirement that Firearms be Unloaded on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
3/12 HB 2320 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House
3/06 HB 2729 Authorizes Guns in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
2/24 HB 2307 Federal Arms Regulation Exemption Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
8/30 AB 352 Microstamping of Bullets Fired from Semi-Automatic Guns Concurrence Vote Failed - House (40 - 37)
8/13 SB 1171 Expanding Loaded Firearm Restrictions Bill Passed - House (45 - 32)
5/29 AB 1471 Crime Gun Identification Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (44 - 31)
5/29 AB 2062 Regulation Of Ammunition Sales Bill Passed - House (42 - 32)
9/10 SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
9/10 AB 711 Prohibits Lead Ammunition for Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 29)
6/29 AB 1621 Limits the Manufacture of Ghost Guns Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 14)
6/30 AB 2571 Prohibits Marketing of Firearms to Minors; Authorizes Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 15)
9/07 AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 17)
9/11 AB 424 Amends School Gun Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 27)
9/11 AB 48 Prohibits Large-Capacity Magazines and Large-Capacity Conversion Kits Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 30)
6/30 AB 1135 Prohibits Firearms with Bullet Button Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 30)
6/30 AB 1695 Prohibits Falsely Reporting the Loss or Theft of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 25)
9/09 AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 18)
6/29 AB 311 Prohibits the Sale of Firearms in Certain Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 18)
6/30 AB 1674 Limits the Purchase of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (44 - 34)
8/29 AB 1014 Authorizes Gun Violence Restraining Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 28)
9/11 SB 396 Limits Firearm Magazine Capacity Bill Failed - House (35 - 34)
9/10 SB 374 Prohibits Semiautomatic Rifles with Detachable Magazines Bill Passed - House (44 - 31)
9/11 SB 755 Expands List of Crimes that Disqualify an Individual from Firearm Ownership Bill Passed - House (45 - 28)
6/27 SB 1327 Authorizes Individuals to Sue Firearm Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (52 - 21)
4/18 SB 140 Appropriates Funds to the Armed Prohibited Persons System Bill Passed - House (65 - 10)
6/30 SB 1235 Requires Background Checks to Buy Ammunition Bill Passed - House (46 - 30)
9/11 SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 23)
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