Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 14, 2018 OH HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Bill Passed - House (65 - 32)
Feb. 10, 2009 MT HB 228 Amending Concealed Weapons and Self-Defense Statutes Bill Passed - House (60 - 40)
March 11, 2023 CO HB 23-1219 Establishes a 3-Day Waiting Period to Purchase Firearms Bill Passed - House (44 - 20)
Feb. 24, 2010 AZ HB 2307 Federal Arms Regulation Exemption Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
March 12, 2015 AZ HB 2320 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House
March 27, 2019 KS HB 2326 Reduces Concealed Carry Age Bill Passed - House (83 - 41)
March 7, 2013 AZ HB 2326 Prohibits Identifying Information of Firearm Owners from Being Maintained Bill Passed - House (46 - 13)
March 10, 2014 OK HB 2329 Authorizes Storage of a Handgun in a Secure Motor Vehicle on School Property Bill Passed - House (76 - 17)
July 6, 2017 OH HB 233 Amends Regulations of Gun-Free Zones Bill Passed - House (65 - 31)
March 13, 2019 OK HB 2336 Authorizes Handguns on the Premises of Schools Bill Passed - House (72 - 25)
Feb. 29, 2016 AZ HB 2338 Authorizes Concealed Carry near Schools Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
March 12, 2014 AZ HB 2339 Authorizes Individuals with State Issued Gun Permits to Carry in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
Dec. 10, 2014 OH HB 234 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Certain Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 21)
April 2, 2014 OH HB 234 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Certain Firearms Bill Passed - House (76 - 15)
March 12, 2012 KS HB 2353 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Handguns in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (70 - 54)
May 23, 2018 IL HB 2354 Authorizes Courts to Confiscate Firearms from Potentially Dangerous Individuals Bill Passed - House (80 - 32)
Feb. 7, 2023 VA HB 2387 Establishes a Refundable Income Tax Credit for Firearm Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (98 - 1)
June 27, 2008 AZ HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Conference Report Adopted - House (33 - 21)
March 11, 2008 AZ HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Bill Passed - House (37 - 22)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
March 11, 2024 CO HB 24-1174 Increases Requirements for Individuals Seeking to Obtain a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - House (43 - 16)
April 20, 2024 CO HB 24-1270 Requires Gun Owners to Also Hold Liability Insurance Bill Passed - House (33 - 29)
May 4, 2024 CO HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - House (35 - 24)
April 20, 2024 CO HB 24-1349 Authorizes a Ballot Proposal to Establish a 9% Excise Tax on Ammo Vendors, Gun Dealers and Firearms Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
April 20, 2024 CO HB 24-1353 Requires State Retail Firearm Dealers have a State Permit Along with a Federal License Bill Passed - House (40 - 21)
Feb. 23, 2013 MT HB 240 Authorizes Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
Feb. 17, 2022 AZ HB 2414 Repeals Restrictions on Loaded Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
March 12, 2015 AZ HB 2431 Establishes an Interstate Compact to Regulate Firearm Transfers Bill Passed - House (34 - 24)
May 20, 2020 PA HB 2440 Classifies Shooting Ranges, Sportsman Clubs, Hunting Facilities, and Firearm Businesses as "Life-Sustaining" Bill Passed - House (124 - 78)
Feb. 18, 2016 AZ HB 2446 Amends the Definition of Prohibited Weapons Bill Passed - House (38 - 20)
March 7, 2013 AZ HB 2455 Requires the Sale of Certain Firearms Acquired by Public Agencies Bill Passed - House (36 - 23)
Feb. 2, 2023 VA HB 2467 Requires Photo ID for the Purpose of Purchasing a Firearm Bill Passed - House (73 - 27)
Feb. 13, 2020 WA HB 2467 Establishes a Background Check System for Firearms Transfers Bill Passed - House (66 - 32)
Feb. 23, 2022 AZ HB 2473 Prohibits Discrimination Against a Firearm Entity Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 5, 2015 MT HB 250 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Firearms to Hunt Non-Protected Animals Bill Passed - House (66 - 32)
Feb. 24, 2015 AZ HB 2509 Amends Aggravated Assault Classifications Bill Passed - House (37 - 23)
March 12, 2014 AZ HB 2517 Establishes Penalties for Violations of an Existing State Firearms Law Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2019 WV HB 2519 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (59 - 41)
March 1, 2016 AZ HB 2524 Authorizes Compacts with Other States to Develop Firearm Transfer Laws Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
April 26, 2007 KS HB 2528 Concealed Firearms Veto Override Passed - House (98 - 26)
March 21, 2007 KS HB 2528 Concealed Gun Regulations Bill Passed - House (107 - 17)
March 12, 2009 TN HB 254 Eliminating Thumbprint Requirement for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - House (82 - 11)
Feb. 24, 2021 AZ HB 2551 Authorizes Individuals with Concealed Carry Permits to Enter Most Buildings with Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
April 5, 2014 KS HB 2578 Prohibits a City or County from Regulating Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 19)
Feb. 19, 2021 UT HB 258 Establishes High School Gun Safety Courses Bill Passed - House (47 - 21)
March 26, 2021 FL HB 259 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons on Church Property Bill Passed - House (76 - 37)
March 2, 2017 UT HB 259 Authorizes the Discharge of Firearm for Self-Defense Bill Passed - House (53 - 15)
Feb. 13, 2019 OK HB 2597 Authorizes State Constitutional Carry Bill Passed - House (70 - 30)
April 30, 2021 TX HB 2622 Prohibits the Enforcement of New Federal Gun Laws Bill Passed - House (83 - 45)
April 23, 2013 OR HB 2624 Exempts Counties from Hunting Dog Prohibitions if Approved by County Voters Bill Passed - House (40 - 19)
May 21, 2008 AZ HB 2629 Legalizing the Defensive Display of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 26)
March 4, 2008 AZ HB 2630 Illegally Concealed Weapon Penalty Reduction Bill Passed - House (36 - 24)
March 6, 2018 OK HB 2632 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground" in Defense of Church Members Bill Passed - House (62 - 21)
March 16, 2006 AZ HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 24, 2013 LA HB 265 Establishes Lifetime Concealed Handgun Permits Bill Passed - House (65 - 19)
Feb. 28, 2013 UT HB 268 Redefines Disorderly Conduct Regarding Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 12)
March 24, 2010 KS HB 2685 Authorizing Concealed Weapons on Campus Bill Passed - House (65 - 57)
March 4, 2019 AZ HB 2693 Repeals Requirement that Firearms be Unloaded on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
Feb. 6, 2013 MT HB 27 Authorizes the Use of Silencers While Hunting Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
April 18, 2024 DE HB 270 Establishes Penalty for Displaying Ammunition that is Accessible to Customer Bill Passed - House (27 - 9)
April 12, 2011 MT HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 29)
Feb. 22, 2011 MT HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (54 - 41)
Feb. 22, 2022 AL HB 272 Authorizes Permitless Carry of Handguns Bill Passed - House (65 - 37)
March 6, 2012 AZ HB 2729 Authorizes Guns in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
March 27, 2008 AZ HB 2788 Relaxing Concealed Weapon Restrictions Bill Passed - House (51 - 5)
March 30, 2017 GA HB 280 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
March 3, 2021 AZ HB 2840 Authorizes Individuals to Bring Loaded Weapons on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 22, 2024 AZ HB 2843 Authorizes Individuals to Shoot Trespassers on Their Property Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 29, 2024 TN HB 2882 Requires All Students Complete a Firearm Safety Training Course Bill Passed - House (70 - 20)
March 10, 2022 KY HB 29 Prohibits Enforcement of Certain Federal Gun Policies Bill Passed - House (75 - 20)
Feb. 19, 2015 MT HB 298 Amends Concealed Weapons Regulations Bill Passed - House (56 - 43)
June 14, 2018 DE HB 300 Prohibits Bump Stocks Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 2)
March 17, 2009 MD HB 302 Allowing Judges to Confiscate Firearms from Domestic Abuse Suspects Bill Passed - House (92 - 45)
Feb. 22, 2013 MT HB 304 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms Without a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
March 10, 2023 NM HB 306 Prohibits Purchasing a Firearm for Someone Who is Not Allowed or Intends to Use it in a Crime Bill Passed - House (62 - 3)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/14 HB 228 Establishes New Self-Defense and Firearm Handling Rules Bill Passed - House (65 - 32)
2/10 HB 228 Amending Concealed Weapons and Self-Defense Statutes Bill Passed - House (60 - 40)
3/11 HB 23-1219 Establishes a 3-Day Waiting Period to Purchase Firearms Bill Passed - House (44 - 20)
2/24 HB 2307 Federal Arms Regulation Exemption Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
3/12 HB 2320 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House
3/27 HB 2326 Reduces Concealed Carry Age Bill Passed - House (83 - 41)
3/07 HB 2326 Prohibits Identifying Information of Firearm Owners from Being Maintained Bill Passed - House (46 - 13)
3/10 HB 2329 Authorizes Storage of a Handgun in a Secure Motor Vehicle on School Property Bill Passed - House (76 - 17)
7/06 HB 233 Amends Regulations of Gun-Free Zones Bill Passed - House (65 - 31)
3/13 HB 2336 Authorizes Handguns on the Premises of Schools Bill Passed - House (72 - 25)
2/29 HB 2338 Authorizes Concealed Carry near Schools Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
3/12 HB 2339 Authorizes Individuals with State Issued Gun Permits to Carry in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
12/10 HB 234 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Certain Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 21)
4/02 HB 234 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Certain Firearms Bill Passed - House (76 - 15)
3/12 HB 2353 Authorizes the Concealed Carry of Handguns in Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (70 - 54)
5/23 HB 2354 Authorizes Courts to Confiscate Firearms from Potentially Dangerous Individuals Bill Passed - House (80 - 32)
2/07 HB 2387 Establishes a Refundable Income Tax Credit for Firearm Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (98 - 1)
6/27 HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Conference Report Adopted - House (33 - 21)
3/11 HB 2389 Involving Gun Owners' Rights Bill Passed - House (37 - 22)
2/21 HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
3/11 HB 24-1174 Increases Requirements for Individuals Seeking to Obtain a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - House (43 - 16)
4/20 HB 24-1270 Requires Gun Owners to Also Hold Liability Insurance Bill Passed - House (33 - 29)
5/04 HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - House (35 - 24)
4/20 HB 24-1349 Authorizes a Ballot Proposal to Establish a 9% Excise Tax on Ammo Vendors, Gun Dealers and Firearms Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
4/20 HB 24-1353 Requires State Retail Firearm Dealers have a State Permit Along with a Federal License Bill Passed - House (40 - 21)
2/23 HB 240 Authorizes Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
2/17 HB 2414 Repeals Restrictions on Loaded Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
3/12 HB 2431 Establishes an Interstate Compact to Regulate Firearm Transfers Bill Passed - House (34 - 24)
5/20 HB 2440 Classifies Shooting Ranges, Sportsman Clubs, Hunting Facilities, and Firearm Businesses as "Life-Sustaining" Bill Passed - House (124 - 78)
2/18 HB 2446 Amends the Definition of Prohibited Weapons Bill Passed - House (38 - 20)
3/07 HB 2455 Requires the Sale of Certain Firearms Acquired by Public Agencies Bill Passed - House (36 - 23)
2/02 HB 2467 Requires Photo ID for the Purpose of Purchasing a Firearm Bill Passed - House (73 - 27)
2/13 HB 2467 Establishes a Background Check System for Firearms Transfers Bill Passed - House (66 - 32)
2/23 HB 2473 Prohibits Discrimination Against a Firearm Entity Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/05 HB 250 Authorizes Noise Suppressors on Firearms to Hunt Non-Protected Animals Bill Passed - House (66 - 32)
2/24 HB 2509 Amends Aggravated Assault Classifications Bill Passed - House (37 - 23)
3/12 HB 2517 Establishes Penalties for Violations of an Existing State Firearms Law Bill Passed - House (34 - 22)
2/27 HB 2519 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (59 - 41)
3/01 HB 2524 Authorizes Compacts with Other States to Develop Firearm Transfer Laws Bill Passed - House (35 - 24)
4/26 HB 2528 Concealed Firearms Veto Override Passed - House (98 - 26)
3/21 HB 2528 Concealed Gun Regulations Bill Passed - House (107 - 17)
3/12 HB 254 Eliminating Thumbprint Requirement for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - House (82 - 11)
2/24 HB 2551 Authorizes Individuals with Concealed Carry Permits to Enter Most Buildings with Firearms Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
4/05 HB 2578 Prohibits a City or County from Regulating Firearms Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 19)
2/19 HB 258 Establishes High School Gun Safety Courses Bill Passed - House (47 - 21)
3/26 HB 259 Authorizes Individuals to Carry Concealed Weapons on Church Property Bill Passed - House (76 - 37)
3/02 HB 259 Authorizes the Discharge of Firearm for Self-Defense Bill Passed - House (53 - 15)
2/13 HB 2597 Authorizes State Constitutional Carry Bill Passed - House (70 - 30)
4/30 HB 2622 Prohibits the Enforcement of New Federal Gun Laws Bill Passed - House (83 - 45)
4/23 HB 2624 Exempts Counties from Hunting Dog Prohibitions if Approved by County Voters Bill Passed - House (40 - 19)
5/21 HB 2629 Legalizing the Defensive Display of a Firearm Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 26)
3/04 HB 2630 Illegally Concealed Weapon Penalty Reduction Bill Passed - House (36 - 24)
3/06 HB 2632 Authorizes "Stand Your Ground" in Defense of Church Members Bill Passed - House (62 - 21)
3/16 HB 2649 Firearms; Possession; Storage Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/24 HB 265 Establishes Lifetime Concealed Handgun Permits Bill Passed - House (65 - 19)
2/28 HB 268 Redefines Disorderly Conduct Regarding Firearms Bill Passed - House (54 - 12)
3/24 HB 2685 Authorizing Concealed Weapons on Campus Bill Passed - House (65 - 57)
3/04 HB 2693 Repeals Requirement that Firearms be Unloaded on School Grounds Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
2/06 HB 27 Authorizes the Use of Silencers While Hunting Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
4/18 HB 270 Establishes Penalty for Displaying Ammunition that is Accessible to Customer Bill Passed - House (27 - 9)
4/12 HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Conference Report Adopted - House (69 - 29)
2/22 HB 271 Authorizes Concealed-Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (54 - 41)
2/22 HB 272 Authorizes Permitless Carry of Handguns Bill Passed - House (65 - 37)
3/06 HB 2729 Authorizes Guns in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
3/27 HB 2788 Relaxing Concealed Weapon Restrictions Bill Passed - House (51 - 5)
3/30 HB 280 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
3/03 HB 2840 Authorizes Individuals to Bring Loaded Weapons on School Campuses Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/22 HB 2843 Authorizes Individuals to Shoot Trespassers on Their Property Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/29 HB 2882 Requires All Students Complete a Firearm Safety Training Course Bill Passed - House (70 - 20)
3/10 HB 29 Prohibits Enforcement of Certain Federal Gun Policies Bill Passed - House (75 - 20)
2/19 HB 298 Amends Concealed Weapons Regulations Bill Passed - House (56 - 43)
6/14 HB 300 Prohibits Bump Stocks Conference Report Adopted - House (36 - 2)
3/17 HB 302 Allowing Judges to Confiscate Firearms from Domestic Abuse Suspects Bill Passed - House (92 - 45)
2/22 HB 304 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Firearms Without a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
3/10 HB 306 Prohibits Purchasing a Firearm for Someone Who is Not Allowed or Intends to Use it in a Crime Bill Passed - House (62 - 3)

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