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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Sept. 21, 2006 National HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
Sept. 21, 2006 National HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
Sept. 23, 2004 National HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (339 - 65)
Dec. 13, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
Dec. 13, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
July 23, 1998 National HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
May 8, 1997 National HR 3 Juvenile Crime bill Bill Passed - House (286 - 132)
Sept. 15, 1998 National S 2073 Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (280 - 126)
Sept. 29, 2006 National S 3930 Military Commissions Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (250 - 170)
Aug. 21, 1994 National HR 3355 Omnibus Crime Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (235 - 195)
July 11, 2006 National H Amdt 1179 Online Gambling Ban Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (114 - 297)
July 19, 2006 National HR 2389 Pledge Protection Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (260 - 167)
Sept. 26, 2006 National HR 2679 Public Expression of Religion Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (244 - 173)
Sept. 13, 2006 National HR 4893 Restricting Indian Gaming to Homelands of Tribes Act Bill Failed - House (247 - 171)
Sept. 14, 2006 National HR 6061 Secure Fence Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (283 - 138)
Jan. 11, 2007 National HR 3 Stem Cell Research Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (253 - 174)
July 19, 2006 National HR 810 Stem Cell Research Bill of 2005 Veto Override Failed - House (235 - 193)
Feb. 1, 1996 National S 652 Telecommunications Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (414 - 16)
June 28, 2006 National H Amdt 1156 Trigger Lock Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 191)
Dec. 14, 2005 National HR 3199 PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Conference Report Adopted - House (251 - 174)
Jan. 25, 2007 SC H 3063 Defining Marriage Bill Passed - House (92 - 7)
Jan. 25, 2007 SC H 3063 Defining Marriage Bill Passed - House (92 - 7)
Feb. 14, 1995 National HR 728 Anti-Crime bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
March 24, 2004 National HR 3873 Child Nutrition Improvement and Integrity Act Bill Passed - House (419 - 5)
Jan. 25, 2007 WY HB 271 False Citizenship or Resident Alien Documents Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
Jan. 25, 2007 WY HB 271 False Citizenship or Resident Alien Documents Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
Feb. 24, 1998 National HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
Feb. 24, 1998 National HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
Feb. 19, 2007 KS HB 2006 Legal Status of an Unborn Child/Fetus Bill Passed - House (94 - 28)
Feb. 12, 2007 ND HB 1319 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (50 - 44)
Feb. 12, 2007 ND HB 1319 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (50 - 44)
May 31, 2007 IL SB 4 Stem Cell Research and Human Cloning Bill Passed - House (70 - 44)
Feb. 6, 2007 SD HB 1175 Lethal Injection Reform Bill Passed - House (51 - 19)
March 28, 2007 CO SB 34 Concealed Weapons Permits Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
Feb. 14, 2007 CO HB 1011 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (34 - 30)
March 8, 2007 AZ HB 2589 Labor Solicitation and Criminal Trespass Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
Feb. 1, 2007 VA Sub HB 2623 Denying In-State Tuition to Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
March 1, 2007 MO HB 269 College Admission of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (120 - 35)
Feb. 5, 2007 VA Sub HB 2035 HPV Vaccination Bill Passed - House (80 - 17)
Feb. 26, 2007 AZ SB 1302 Use of Force in Self-Defense Bill Passed - House (42 - 17)
May 24, 2005 National HR 810 Stem Cell Research Bill of 2005 Bill Passed - House (238 - 194)
Feb. 21, 2007 VA H Sub Refusal of Medical Treatment for Children Bill Passed - House (89 - 9)
Feb. 28, 2007 UT 2SSB 251 Concealed Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 13)
Feb. 5, 2007 WY HJ 8 Real ID Act Repeal Joint Resolution Passed - House (49 - 11)
Feb. 21, 2007 WY SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
Feb. 21, 2007 WY SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
Feb. 21, 2007 WY SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
April 14, 2005 National S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (302 - 126)
Oct. 20, 2005 National S 397 Firearms Manufacturers Protection Bill Bill Passed - House (283 - 144)
Feb. 7, 2007 ND HB 1254 Mandatory Seatbelt Use Bill Failed - House (40 - 52)
Feb. 13, 2003 National HR 4 Welfare Reform bill Bill Passed - House (230 - 192)
Feb. 16, 2007 VA Sub SB 1204 In-State Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 16)
Feb. 2, 2007 WY HB 95 Quality Childcare Bill Passed - House (42 - 17)
Feb. 7, 2007 SD HB 1160 Physician Presence at Executions Bill Passed - House (56 - 14)
Feb. 1, 2007 IA HF 5 Maximum Title Loan Finance Charge Bill Passed - House (84 - 12)
Feb. 8, 2007 WY HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
Feb. 8, 2007 WY HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
Feb. 8, 2007 WY HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
Feb. 5, 2007 WY HB 128 Multi-State Lottery Bill Failed - House (27 - 31)
July 18, 2006 National H J Res 88 Same-Sex Marriage Resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (236 - 187)
Feb. 13, 1997 National HR 581 Population Planning Bill Bill Passed - House (231 - 194)
Nov. 6, 2003 National HR 1829 Federal Prison Industries Competition in Contracting Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (350 - 65)
Feb. 21, 2007 IN HB 1337 Smoking in a Vehicle With Children Bill Failed - House (43 - 51)
Feb. 27, 2007 WY SF 152 Methamphetamine Lab Decontamination Bill Failed - House (30 - 30)
Feb. 28, 2007 CO HB 1269 Casino Smoking Ban Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
Feb. 7, 2007 WY HB 213 Gray Wolf Population Control Bill Passed - House (52 - 8)
March 14, 2007 CO HB 1330 Second Parent Adoption Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
March 14, 2007 CO HB 1330 Second Parent Adoption Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
March 8, 2007 NM SB 238 Medical Marijuana Legalization Bill Failed - House (33 - 36)
March 5, 2007 ID HCR 18 Early Childhood Learning Standards Resolution Failed - House (27 - 43)
April 29, 2007 IN HB 1835 Slot Machines at Race Tracks Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 45)
Feb. 23, 2007 IN HB 1835 Slot Machines at Race Tracks Bill Passed - House (54 - 39)
March 6, 2007 WA 2nd Sub SB 5093 Affordable Health Care Coverage for Children Bill Passed - House (68 - 28)
March 1, 2007 ND SB 2138 Repeal of Cohabitation Laws Bill Passed - House (48 - 41)
March 9, 2007 ND SB 2417 Verifying Employee Work Status Bill Failed - House (18 - 70)
Feb. 12, 2007 NM HB 190 Abolishing the Death Penalty Bill Passed - House (41 - 28)
Feb. 21, 2007 KS HB 2140 English as the Official Language Bill Passed - House (114 - 7)
March 6, 2007 NY S 3318 Sex Offender Management and Treatment Act Bill Passed - House (127 - 19)
March 2, 2007 ND HCR 3052 In-State Lottery Joint Resolution Failed - House (14 - 75)
May 20, 2004 National HR 4359 Child Credit Preservation and Expansion Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (271 - 139)
July 31, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
July 18, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
April 4, 2007 VA HB 2347 Capital Murder of a Witness Veto Override Passed - House (83 - 16)
April 4, 2007 VA Sub HB 2348 Extension of "Triggerman Rule" Veto Override Passed - House (79 - 21)
April 4, 2007 VA Sub HB 2750 Capital Murder of a Judge Veto Override Passed - House (82 - 18)
Aug. 1, 1996 National HR 123 English as the National Language Bill Passed - House (259 - 169)
June 7, 2007 National S 5 Stem Cell Research Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (247 - 176)
March 22, 1996 National HR 125 Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (239 - 173)
March 22, 1996 National HR 125 Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (239 - 173)
Sept. 25, 1996 National HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (305 - 123)
March 21, 1996 National HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 87)
July 30, 1996 National HR 2391 Working Families Flexibility Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (225 - 195)
March 26, 2007 MD HB 992 Parole for Drug Offenders Bill Passed - House (71 - 66)
March 26, 2007 MD HB 992 Parole for Drug Offenders Bill Passed - House (71 - 66)
March 28, 2007 IL HB 1100 Driver's Certificates for Non-Citizens Bill Passed - House (60 - 56)
March 29, 2007 IL HB 1769 Smoking Ban in Vehicles Bill Failed - House (18 - 91)
Aug. 7, 1998 National H Amdt 869 Illegal Drug Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (250 - 169)
Nov. 1, 1995 National H Amdt 890 Domestic Partners Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (249 - 172)
March 23, 2007 ND SB 2181 Prenatal Care for Minors Bill Failed - House (46 - 46)
March 23, 2007 MD HB 6 Resident Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 57)
Date No. Title Outcome
9/21 HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
9/21 HR 6095 Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (277 - 140)
9/23 HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (339 - 65)
12/13 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
12/13 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
7/23 HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
5/08 HR 3 Juvenile Crime bill Bill Passed - House (286 - 132)
9/15 S 2073 Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (280 - 126)
9/29 S 3930 Military Commissions Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (250 - 170)
8/21 HR 3355 Omnibus Crime Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (235 - 195)
7/11 H Amdt 1179 Online Gambling Ban Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (114 - 297)
7/19 HR 2389 Pledge Protection Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (260 - 167)
9/26 HR 2679 Public Expression of Religion Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (244 - 173)
9/13 HR 4893 Restricting Indian Gaming to Homelands of Tribes Act Bill Failed - House (247 - 171)
9/14 HR 6061 Secure Fence Act of 2006 Bill Passed - House (283 - 138)
1/11 HR 3 Stem Cell Research Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (253 - 174)
7/19 HR 810 Stem Cell Research Bill of 2005 Veto Override Failed - House (235 - 193)
2/01 S 652 Telecommunications Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (414 - 16)
6/28 H Amdt 1156 Trigger Lock Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 191)
12/14 HR 3199 PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Conference Report Adopted - House (251 - 174)
1/25 H 3063 Defining Marriage Bill Passed - House (92 - 7)
1/25 H 3063 Defining Marriage Bill Passed - House (92 - 7)
2/14 HR 728 Anti-Crime bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
3/24 HR 3873 Child Nutrition Improvement and Integrity Act Bill Passed - House (419 - 5)
1/25 HB 271 False Citizenship or Resident Alien Documents Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
1/25 HB 271 False Citizenship or Resident Alien Documents Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
2/24 HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
2/24 HR 424 Minimum Sentences for Gun Crimes Bill Passed - House (350 - 59)
2/19 HB 2006 Legal Status of an Unborn Child/Fetus Bill Passed - House (94 - 28)
2/12 HB 1319 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (50 - 44)
2/12 HB 1319 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (50 - 44)
5/31 SB 4 Stem Cell Research and Human Cloning Bill Passed - House (70 - 44)
2/06 HB 1175 Lethal Injection Reform Bill Passed - House (51 - 19)
3/28 SB 34 Concealed Weapons Permits Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
2/14 HB 1011 Deadly Force in Self Defense Bill Passed - House (34 - 30)
3/08 HB 2589 Labor Solicitation and Criminal Trespass Bill Passed - House (35 - 23)
2/01 Sub HB 2623 Denying In-State Tuition to Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
3/01 HB 269 College Admission of Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (120 - 35)
2/05 Sub HB 2035 HPV Vaccination Bill Passed - House (80 - 17)
2/26 SB 1302 Use of Force in Self-Defense Bill Passed - House (42 - 17)
5/24 HR 810 Stem Cell Research Bill of 2005 Bill Passed - House (238 - 194)
2/21 H Sub Refusal of Medical Treatment for Children Bill Passed - House (89 - 9)
2/28 2SSB 251 Concealed Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 13)
2/05 HJ 8 Real ID Act Repeal Joint Resolution Passed - House (49 - 11)
2/21 SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
2/21 SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
2/21 SF 101 Sex Offender Tracking Bill Failed - House (29 - 30)
4/14 S 256 Bankruptcy Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (302 - 126)
10/20 S 397 Firearms Manufacturers Protection Bill Bill Passed - House (283 - 144)
2/07 HB 1254 Mandatory Seatbelt Use Bill Failed - House (40 - 52)
2/13 HR 4 Welfare Reform bill Bill Passed - House (230 - 192)
2/16 Sub SB 1204 In-State Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 16)
2/02 HB 95 Quality Childcare Bill Passed - House (42 - 17)
2/07 HB 1160 Physician Presence at Executions Bill Passed - House (56 - 14)
2/01 HF 5 Maximum Title Loan Finance Charge Bill Passed - House (84 - 12)
2/08 HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
2/08 HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
2/08 HB 68 Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure Bill Passed - House (39 - 21)
2/05 HB 128 Multi-State Lottery Bill Failed - House (27 - 31)
7/18 H J Res 88 Same-Sex Marriage Resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (236 - 187)
2/13 HR 581 Population Planning Bill Bill Passed - House (231 - 194)
11/06 HR 1829 Federal Prison Industries Competition in Contracting Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (350 - 65)
2/21 HB 1337 Smoking in a Vehicle With Children Bill Failed - House (43 - 51)
2/27 SF 152 Methamphetamine Lab Decontamination Bill Failed - House (30 - 30)
2/28 HB 1269 Casino Smoking Ban Bill Passed - House (36 - 29)
2/07 HB 213 Gray Wolf Population Control Bill Passed - House (52 - 8)
3/14 HB 1330 Second Parent Adoption Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
3/14 HB 1330 Second Parent Adoption Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
3/08 SB 238 Medical Marijuana Legalization Bill Failed - House (33 - 36)
3/05 HCR 18 Early Childhood Learning Standards Resolution Failed - House (27 - 43)
4/29 HB 1835 Slot Machines at Race Tracks Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 45)
2/23 HB 1835 Slot Machines at Race Tracks Bill Passed - House (54 - 39)
3/06 2nd Sub SB 5093 Affordable Health Care Coverage for Children Bill Passed - House (68 - 28)
3/01 SB 2138 Repeal of Cohabitation Laws Bill Passed - House (48 - 41)
3/09 SB 2417 Verifying Employee Work Status Bill Failed - House (18 - 70)
2/12 HB 190 Abolishing the Death Penalty Bill Passed - House (41 - 28)
2/21 HB 2140 English as the Official Language Bill Passed - House (114 - 7)
3/06 S 3318 Sex Offender Management and Treatment Act Bill Passed - House (127 - 19)
3/02 HCR 3052 In-State Lottery Joint Resolution Failed - House (14 - 75)
5/20 HR 4359 Child Credit Preservation and Expansion Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (271 - 139)
7/31 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
7/18 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
4/04 HB 2347 Capital Murder of a Witness Veto Override Passed - House (83 - 16)
4/04 Sub HB 2348 Extension of "Triggerman Rule" Veto Override Passed - House (79 - 21)
4/04 Sub HB 2750 Capital Murder of a Judge Veto Override Passed - House (82 - 18)
8/01 HR 123 English as the National Language Bill Passed - House (259 - 169)
6/07 S 5 Stem Cell Research Act of 2007 Bill Passed - House (247 - 176)
3/22 HR 125 Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (239 - 173)
3/22 HR 125 Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (239 - 173)
9/25 HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (305 - 123)
3/21 HR 2202 Immigration Reform bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 87)
7/30 HR 2391 Working Families Flexibility Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (225 - 195)
3/26 HB 992 Parole for Drug Offenders Bill Passed - House (71 - 66)
3/26 HB 992 Parole for Drug Offenders Bill Passed - House (71 - 66)
3/28 HB 1100 Driver's Certificates for Non-Citizens Bill Passed - House (60 - 56)
3/29 HB 1769 Smoking Ban in Vehicles Bill Failed - House (18 - 91)
8/07 H Amdt 869 Illegal Drug Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (250 - 169)
11/01 H Amdt 890 Domestic Partners Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (249 - 172)
3/23 SB 2181 Prenatal Care for Minors Bill Failed - House (46 - 46)
3/23 HB 6 Resident Tuition for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 57)
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