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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 13, 2018 MI HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Dec. 13, 2018 MI HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Oct. 15, 2018 PA SB 1095 Authorizes Alternatives to Graduate for Keystone Test Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2018 PA SB 1090 Increases Anti Hazing Penalties and Regulations Bill Passed - House (191 - 0)
Sept. 26, 2018 PA SB 1098 Establishes School Bus Safety Grant Program Fund Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Sept. 26, 2018 PA SB 1098 Establishes School Bus Safety Grant Program Fund Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Sept. 25, 2018 PA SB 521 Requires CPR Training in High Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Sept. 25, 2018 PA SB 521 Requires CPR Training in High Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Aug. 27, 2018 NJ S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 0)
Aug. 27, 2018 NJ S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
July 17, 2018 National PN 1391 Nomination of James Blew to Assistant Secretary for Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development for the Department of Education (50 - 49)
July 12, 2018 MA S 2595 Establishes Commission to Study Lead in Drinking Water at Schools Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
July 1, 2018 NJ A 3765 Authorizes School Employees with Safety Experience to be Appointed as a School Safety Specialist Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 20)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 87 Establishes Policies on the Distribution of Funds Returned to the State from Community Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 23)
June 27, 2018 OH SB 216 Amends Regulations Relating to Public Education Bill Passed - House (60 - 33)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 540 Amends Teacher Evaluation Process Bill Passed - House (91 - 2)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 428 Requires Schools to Allow Student Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
June 26, 2018 ME LD 1869 Establishes Total Cost of Education and State and Local Contributions to Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2018-2019 Bill Passed - House (65 - 43)
June 25, 2018 NJ A 4110 Requires Seat Belts on School Buses Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 25, 2018 NJ A 542 Requires Schools Maintain a Supply of Opioid Antidotes Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 25, 2018 NJ S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2711 Requires Child Abuse Training for Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 20, 2018 NY S 2493 Prohibits College Funds for Organizations that Promote Boycotts of Allied Nations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 12)
June 20, 2018 OH HB 58 Require Instruction in Cursive Handwriting Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 46)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
June 7, 2018 OH HB 21 Amends Certain Charter School Enrollment Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
June 6, 2018 NC HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 53)
June 6, 2018 PA HB 564 Requires Civics Test for High School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (167 - 27)
June 4, 2018 NC HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
May 30, 2018 IL SB 2892 Requires Increase in Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - House (65 - 47)
May 30, 2018 IL SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - House (66 - 49)
May 29, 2018 CA AB 2160 Defines Playground Aides as Classified Employees Bill Passed - House (51 - 26)
May 24, 2018 MI SB 874 Increases Penalties for Failing to Report Child Abuse or Neglect Bill Passed - House (107 - 2)
May 24, 2018 MI HB 6043 Requires School Districts to Report Inappropriate Conduct within 60 Days Bill Passed - House (88 - 21)
May 23, 2018 IL SB 2428 Requires Schools Provide Lunch to All Students Bill Passed - House (66 - 44)
May 17, 2018 IL SB 2892 Requires Increase in Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 16)
May 17, 2018 RI H 7419 Prohibits Advertising of Unhealthy Food and Beverages in Schools Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
May 16, 2018 OH SB 246 Limits Out-of-School Suspensions and Expulsions For Students in Kindergarten to Third Grade (32 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/13 HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
12/13 HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
10/15 SB 1095 Authorizes Alternatives to Graduate for Keystone Test Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/09 SB 1090 Increases Anti Hazing Penalties and Regulations Bill Passed - House (191 - 0)
9/26 SB 1098 Establishes School Bus Safety Grant Program Fund Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
9/26 SB 1098 Establishes School Bus Safety Grant Program Fund Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
9/25 SB 521 Requires CPR Training in High Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
9/25 SB 521 Requires CPR Training in High Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
8/27 S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 0)
8/27 S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
7/17 PN 1391 Nomination of James Blew to Assistant Secretary for Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development for the Department of Education (50 - 49)
7/12 S 2595 Establishes Commission to Study Lead in Drinking Water at Schools Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
7/01 A 3765 Authorizes School Employees with Safety Experience to be Appointed as a School Safety Specialist Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/27 HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 20)
6/27 HB 87 Establishes Policies on the Distribution of Funds Returned to the State from Community Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 23)
6/27 SB 216 Amends Regulations Relating to Public Education Bill Passed - House (60 - 33)
6/27 HB 540 Amends Teacher Evaluation Process Bill Passed - House (91 - 2)
6/27 HB 428 Requires Schools to Allow Student Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
6/26 LD 1869 Establishes Total Cost of Education and State and Local Contributions to Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2018-2019 Bill Passed - House (65 - 43)
6/25 A 4110 Requires Seat Belts on School Buses Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/25 A 542 Requires Schools Maintain a Supply of Opioid Antidotes Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/25 S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
6/21 S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
6/21 S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
6/21 S 2711 Requires Child Abuse Training for Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/20 S 2493 Prohibits College Funds for Organizations that Promote Boycotts of Allied Nations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 12)
6/20 HB 58 Require Instruction in Cursive Handwriting Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
6/12 HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 46)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
6/12 HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
6/07 HB 21 Amends Certain Charter School Enrollment Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
6/06 HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 53)
6/06 HB 564 Requires Civics Test for High School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (167 - 27)
6/04 HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
5/30 SB 2892 Requires Increase in Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - House (65 - 47)
5/30 SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - House (66 - 49)
5/29 AB 2160 Defines Playground Aides as Classified Employees Bill Passed - House (51 - 26)
5/24 SB 874 Increases Penalties for Failing to Report Child Abuse or Neglect Bill Passed - House (107 - 2)
5/24 HB 6043 Requires School Districts to Report Inappropriate Conduct within 60 Days Bill Passed - House (88 - 21)
5/23 SB 2428 Requires Schools Provide Lunch to All Students Bill Passed - House (66 - 44)
5/17 SB 2892 Requires Increase in Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 16)
5/17 H 7419 Prohibits Advertising of Unhealthy Food and Beverages in Schools Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
5/16 SB 246 Limits Out-of-School Suspensions and Expulsions For Students in Kindergarten to Third Grade (32 - 0)
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