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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 9, 2021 KY HB 1 Authorizes Businesses, Organizations, and Schools to Remain Open if they are Following CDC Guidelines Regardless of Governor Mandate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
Jan. 11, 2021 IL HB 2170 Amends Public School Curriculum to Emphasize Black and Minority Group Contributions Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 18)
Jan. 21, 2021 TN SB 7001 Rescinds Teacher Accountability Measures Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
Jan. 28, 2021 IA SF 160 Requires Schools Provide a 100 Percent In-Person Learning Option Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2021 IA SF 160 Requires Schools Provide a 100 Percent In-Person Learning Option Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2021 IA SF 159 Authorizes Publicly Funded School Voucher Credits for Students to Attend Private Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
Jan. 28, 2021 IA SF 159 Authorizes Publicly Funded School Voucher Credits for Students to Attend Private Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
Feb. 27, 2021 VA HB 1909 Establishes Gun-Free Zones on School Board Property Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 17)
Jan. 11, 2021 IL HB 2275 Repeals Section 4.5 of Illinois Educational Labor Relations Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 16)
Feb. 3, 2021 ND SB 2308 Authorizes Public Schools to Display the 10 Commandments in Classrooms Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
March 16, 2021 KY HB 258 Requires Teachers to Pay More Toward Their Retirement and Work Longer Before They Can Earn Full Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
April 22, 2021 ND HB 1298 Requires Transgender Athletes to Play Sports on Teams Made for Their Biological Sex Veto Override Failed - Senate (28 - 19)
Jan. 27, 2021 WA SB 5044 Requires Anti-Racism and Equity Training in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
March 1, 2021 NC SB 37 Requires in Person Learning for K-12 Schools Veto Override Failed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 9, 2021 NC SB 37 Requires in Person Learning for K-12 Schools Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 15)
Feb. 25, 2021 ID H 67 Prohibits Public Health Districts from Closing Schools or Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
Feb. 25, 2021 ID H 68 Establishes Public Safety Guidelines for Institutions of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
Feb. 10, 2021 OK SB 239 Increases Regulatory Requirements for Groups Seeking to Launch Public Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
Feb. 16, 2021 ID S 1045 Expands the Advanced Opportunities Program to Nonpublic School Students Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
Feb. 1, 2021 VA SB 1387 Expands Financial Aid for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 15, 2021 AZ SB 1452 Expands Empowerment Scholarship Accounts for Public and Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
Jan. 21, 2021 CA SB 86 Appropriates $6.5 Billion for In Person Learning Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
Feb. 9, 2021 IA SF 269 Appropriates Funds for Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
March 1, 2021 National PN 78-5 Nomination of Miguel Cardona as Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (64 - 33)
Feb. 23, 2021 MT SB 99 Establishes Parameters for K-12 Sexual Education Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 19)
March 1, 2021 NC SB 43 Establishes Churches With Schools Have the Right to Bear Arms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
Feb. 18, 2021 MN SF 2 Rescinds the Governor's Ability to Close Schools During a Peacetime Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
March 11, 2021 TN HB 16 Authorizes Teachers to Permanently Remove Students for Misbehavior Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
Feb. 23, 2021 IN SB 69 Increases Penalties for School Bus Stop Arm Violations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 11)
March 16, 2021 WI SB 39 Requires School Boards to Allow Students in Charter Schools to Participate in Extracurricular Activities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
March 4, 2021 SC H 3609 Increases Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 0)
March 16, 2021 KY HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
March 8, 2021 WA SB 5194 Requires Community and Technical Colleges Establish a Faculty Diversity Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
March 17, 2021 ID S 1179 Appropriates Funds for the Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
March 25, 2021 OR SB 554 Authorizes Local Governments and School Districts to Prohibit Guns on Capital and State Property Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 7)
April 29, 2021 ND HB 1013 Appropriates Funds for K-12 Education Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 6)
April 15, 2021 AL HB 391 Prohibits Transgender Athletes from Playing on Sports Teams that do not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
April 8, 2021 KS HB 2089 Restructures Firearm Safety Education Training Programs for School Districts Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
April 8, 2021 SC S 685 Authorizes College Athletes to be Paid for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 21)
March 1, 2021 WV HB 2012 Increases the Number of Public Charter Schools in the State from 3 to 10 Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
April 8, 2021 FL SB 86 Establishes a Higher Education Scholarship for Students Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
April 5, 2021 TN SB 1229 Requires Schools to Notify Parents When Teaching About Sexual or Gender Orientation Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
April 15, 2021 TX SB 29 Prohibits Transgender Student's from Playing on Sports Teams That do Not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
March 3, 2021 AZ SB 1456 Requires Schools to Receive Parental Consent When Teaching Sex Education Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
May 19, 2021 IA HF 847 Repeals Mask Mandates for Public School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 17)
April 9, 2021 KS SB 55 Prohibits Transgender Student Athletes from Participating on Sports Teams that do Not Match their Birth Sex Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 11)
April 19, 2021 NC HB 243 Authorizes the University of North Carolina System to Cut Salaries and Layoff Employees Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
April 22, 2021 TX SB 1385 Authorized College Athletes to be Paid for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 2)
April 21, 2021 TN HB 1233 Authorizes Refusal to Share Bathrooms and Locker Rooms with Transgender Persons Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
April 27, 2021 DE SB 12 Expands the Student Excellence Equals Degree Scholarship Program Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 4)
April 26, 2021 ID H 377 Prohibits Teaching the Topic Known as "Critical Race Theory" Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
April 26, 2021 ID H 377 Prohibits Teaching the Topic Known as "Critical Race Theory" Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
April 28, 2021 IA HF 802 Limits the Types of Diversity Training Schools and Governments May Offer Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
April 28, 2021 IA HF 813 Establishes Plan to Create Charter Schools in the State Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
May 20, 2021 DE HB 198 Requires Schools to Provide Curricula on Black History Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
May 19, 2021 ME LD 52 Authorizes Additional Educational Policies to be Subjects of Collective Bargaining Negotiations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
May 11, 2021 MO HB 557 Increases Oversight Over Unlicensed Religious Boarding Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
May 22, 2021 TX HB 3979 Prohibits the Teaching of "Critical Race Theory" in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
May 13, 2021 DE SB 78 Requires Any School Board Member Charged with a Violent Felony to be Suspended Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 1)
May 19, 2021 MI HB 4407 Appropriates Funding for K-12 School Aid and Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
May 19, 2021 MI HB 4407 Appropriates Funding for K-12 School Aid and Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
May 12, 2021 MO HB 297 Repeals the Cap on Tuition Increases for Universities and Colleges Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
April 22, 2021 WA HB 1365 Requires Development and Administration of a Technology Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
April 29, 2021 TN HB 1182 Prohibits Transgender Students from Using Bathroom Facilities that do Not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
May 19, 2021 NE LB 2 Reduces the Valuation of Agricultural Land to Decrease Taxation Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 6)
April 27, 2021 MO SB 323 Authorizes Public Schools to Teach Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 5)
May 5, 2021 TN SB 623 Prohibits Teaching "Critical Race Theory" in K-12 Schools Conference Report Adopted - Senate (25 - 7)
April 13, 2021 AL SB 94 Extends the Deadline for 3rd Graders to Reach Their Required Reading Level Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
April 28, 2021 MO HB 271 Limits the Authority of Local Health Officials to Close Organizations During a Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
June 2, 2021 ME LD 604 Requires a Separate Line Item in the State Budget for Charter School Funding "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
June 3, 2021 OR SB 5 Requires Compensating College Athletes for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
June 23, 2021 NC SB 116 Establishes the North Carolina Back to Work Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 22)
March 1, 2021 NC SB 116 Establishes the North Carolina Back to Work Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
May 20, 2021 NV AB 88 Requires Schools to Change Any Identifier that is "Racially Discriminatory" Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 24, 2021 CO HB 21-1164 Authorizes School Districts to Raise their Mill-Levy Rates Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/09 HB 1 Authorizes Businesses, Organizations, and Schools to Remain Open if they are Following CDC Guidelines Regardless of Governor Mandate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
1/11 HB 2170 Amends Public School Curriculum to Emphasize Black and Minority Group Contributions Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 18)
1/21 SB 7001 Rescinds Teacher Accountability Measures Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
1/28 SF 160 Requires Schools Provide a 100 Percent In-Person Learning Option Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
1/28 SF 160 Requires Schools Provide a 100 Percent In-Person Learning Option Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
1/28 SF 159 Authorizes Publicly Funded School Voucher Credits for Students to Attend Private Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
1/28 SF 159 Authorizes Publicly Funded School Voucher Credits for Students to Attend Private Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
2/27 HB 1909 Establishes Gun-Free Zones on School Board Property Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 17)
1/11 HB 2275 Repeals Section 4.5 of Illinois Educational Labor Relations Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 16)
2/03 SB 2308 Authorizes Public Schools to Display the 10 Commandments in Classrooms Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
3/16 HB 258 Requires Teachers to Pay More Toward Their Retirement and Work Longer Before They Can Earn Full Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
4/22 HB 1298 Requires Transgender Athletes to Play Sports on Teams Made for Their Biological Sex Veto Override Failed - Senate (28 - 19)
1/27 SB 5044 Requires Anti-Racism and Equity Training in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
3/01 SB 37 Requires in Person Learning for K-12 Schools Veto Override Failed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/09 SB 37 Requires in Person Learning for K-12 Schools Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 15)
2/25 H 67 Prohibits Public Health Districts from Closing Schools or Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
2/25 H 68 Establishes Public Safety Guidelines for Institutions of Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
2/10 SB 239 Increases Regulatory Requirements for Groups Seeking to Launch Public Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
2/16 S 1045 Expands the Advanced Opportunities Program to Nonpublic School Students Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
2/01 SB 1387 Expands Financial Aid for Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/15 SB 1452 Expands Empowerment Scholarship Accounts for Public and Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
1/21 SB 86 Appropriates $6.5 Billion for In Person Learning Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
2/09 SF 269 Appropriates Funds for Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
3/01 PN 78-5 Nomination of Miguel Cardona as Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (64 - 33)
2/23 SB 99 Establishes Parameters for K-12 Sexual Education Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 19)
3/01 SB 43 Establishes Churches With Schools Have the Right to Bear Arms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
2/18 SF 2 Rescinds the Governor's Ability to Close Schools During a Peacetime Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
3/11 HB 16 Authorizes Teachers to Permanently Remove Students for Misbehavior Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
2/23 SB 69 Increases Penalties for School Bus Stop Arm Violations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 11)
3/16 SB 39 Requires School Boards to Allow Students in Charter Schools to Participate in Extracurricular Activities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
3/04 H 3609 Increases Teacher Salaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 0)
3/16 HB 563 Establishes a 25 Million Dollar Scholarship through Tax Credits for Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
3/08 SB 5194 Requires Community and Technical Colleges Establish a Faculty Diversity Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
3/17 S 1179 Appropriates Funds for the Higher Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
3/25 SB 554 Authorizes Local Governments and School Districts to Prohibit Guns on Capital and State Property Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 7)
4/29 HB 1013 Appropriates Funds for K-12 Education Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 6)
4/15 HB 391 Prohibits Transgender Athletes from Playing on Sports Teams that do not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
4/08 HB 2089 Restructures Firearm Safety Education Training Programs for School Districts Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
4/08 S 685 Authorizes College Athletes to be Paid for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 21)
3/01 HB 2012 Increases the Number of Public Charter Schools in the State from 3 to 10 Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
4/08 SB 86 Establishes a Higher Education Scholarship for Students Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
4/05 SB 1229 Requires Schools to Notify Parents When Teaching About Sexual or Gender Orientation Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
4/15 SB 29 Prohibits Transgender Student's from Playing on Sports Teams That do Not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
3/03 SB 1456 Requires Schools to Receive Parental Consent When Teaching Sex Education Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
5/19 HF 847 Repeals Mask Mandates for Public School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 17)
4/09 SB 55 Prohibits Transgender Student Athletes from Participating on Sports Teams that do Not Match their Birth Sex Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 11)
4/19 HB 243 Authorizes the University of North Carolina System to Cut Salaries and Layoff Employees Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
4/22 SB 1385 Authorized College Athletes to be Paid for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 2)
4/21 HB 1233 Authorizes Refusal to Share Bathrooms and Locker Rooms with Transgender Persons Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
4/27 SB 12 Expands the Student Excellence Equals Degree Scholarship Program Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 4)
4/26 H 377 Prohibits Teaching the Topic Known as "Critical Race Theory" Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
4/26 H 377 Prohibits Teaching the Topic Known as "Critical Race Theory" Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
4/28 HF 802 Limits the Types of Diversity Training Schools and Governments May Offer Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
4/28 HF 813 Establishes Plan to Create Charter Schools in the State Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
5/20 HB 198 Requires Schools to Provide Curricula on Black History Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
5/19 LD 52 Authorizes Additional Educational Policies to be Subjects of Collective Bargaining Negotiations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
5/11 HB 557 Increases Oversight Over Unlicensed Religious Boarding Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
5/22 HB 3979 Prohibits the Teaching of "Critical Race Theory" in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
5/13 SB 78 Requires Any School Board Member Charged with a Violent Felony to be Suspended Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 1)
5/19 HB 4407 Appropriates Funding for K-12 School Aid and Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
5/19 HB 4407 Appropriates Funding for K-12 School Aid and Higher Education Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
5/12 HB 297 Repeals the Cap on Tuition Increases for Universities and Colleges Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
4/22 HB 1365 Requires Development and Administration of a Technology Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
4/29 HB 1182 Prohibits Transgender Students from Using Bathroom Facilities that do Not Match their Birth Sex Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
5/19 LB 2 Reduces the Valuation of Agricultural Land to Decrease Taxation Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 6)
4/27 SB 323 Authorizes Public Schools to Teach Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 5)
5/05 SB 623 Prohibits Teaching "Critical Race Theory" in K-12 Schools Conference Report Adopted - Senate (25 - 7)
4/13 SB 94 Extends the Deadline for 3rd Graders to Reach Their Required Reading Level Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
4/28 HB 271 Limits the Authority of Local Health Officials to Close Organizations During a Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
6/02 LD 604 Requires a Separate Line Item in the State Budget for Charter School Funding "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
6/03 SB 5 Requires Compensating College Athletes for the Use of their Likeness Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
6/23 SB 116 Establishes the North Carolina Back to Work Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 22)
3/01 SB 116 Establishes the North Carolina Back to Work Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
5/20 AB 88 Requires Schools to Change Any Identifier that is "Racially Discriminatory" Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/24 HB 21-1164 Authorizes School Districts to Raise their Mill-Levy Rates Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
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