Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 6, 2024 AK SB 28 Establishes a Streamlined Process for Employers to Address Credible Threats of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 1)
May 22, 2024 AZ SB 1336 Prohibits Sharing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deep Fake Porn and Establishes it as Felony Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
May 1, 2024 AZ HB 2394 Authorizes Public Figures who can Provide Evidence to Debunk a Deep Fake to Obtain Declaratory Relief Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
April 10, 2024 AZ HB 2623 Authorizes Individuals Convicted of Prostitution to Vacate the Charge if They are Victims of Sex Trafficking Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 1)
March 6, 2024 AZ SB 1613 Expands Laws Pertaining to Theft Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
Feb. 22, 2024 AZ SB 1185 Prohibits the Possession of Detached Catalytic Converters Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
March 12, 2024 AZ SB 1361 Establishes New Regulations on Sober Living Homes Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 8)
Feb. 21, 2024 AZ SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 14, 2024 AZ SB 1186 Authorizes Specific THC Products Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
March 31, 2024 AZ SCR 1007 Prohibits Discrimination of Certain Firearm Producing Entities Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
May 21, 2024 CA SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
May 22, 2024 CA SB 1128 Establishes Sex Offender Registration and Prohibits Sexual Intercourse with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 3)
May 22, 2024 CA SB 1372 Prohibits Public Airports from Contracting with a Private Third Party to Provide Expedited Security Checkpoints Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
May 22, 2024 CA SB 1144 Prohibits the Sale of Stolen Goods on Online Marketplaces Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Jan. 30, 2024 CA SB 254 Authorizes Representatives of News Media Organizations Access to Department of Corrections Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
May 21, 2024 CA SB 1286 Amend Sections of the Civil and Financial Code Regarding Debt Collection Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
April 30, 2024 CO SB 24-131 Prohibits Carrying Firearms in Sensitive Spaces Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
May 6, 2024 CO SB 24-053 Establishes an Independent Study on an Evaluation of Racial Equity for Black Coloradans Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
April 30, 2024 CO SB 24-131 Prohibits Carrying Firearms in Sensitive Spaces Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
May 4, 2024 CO HB 24-1216 Establishes Support for Juveniles in the Justice System to Graduate Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
April 22, 2024 CO HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
May 7, 2024 CO HB 24-1004 Prohibits Certain Individuals Convicted of Certain Crimes from Receiving Licenses in Specific Occupations that are Directly Related Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
April 22, 2024 CO HB 24-1174 Increases Requirements for Individuals Seeking to Obtain a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
Feb. 21, 2024 CO SB 24-066 Authorizes Tracking Gun and Ammunition Purchases Through Payment Networks Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 CO SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Jan. 18, 2024 DE SB 276 Amends Penalties for Possession of a Weapon in a Safe School and Recreation Zone Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
March 13, 2024 DE SB 203 Expands Codes Related to Official Misconduct Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
March 28, 2024 DE SB 194 Authorizes Pharmacies to Prescribe Prophylaxis Treatment and Prevention Drugs Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
March 13, 2024 DE SB 203 Expands Codes Related to Official Misconduct Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
March 6, 2024 FL SB 7014 Increases the Maximum Fine for Violations of Specified Lobbying Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
Feb. 15, 2024 FL HB 1377 Establishes Exemptions From Public Document Requests Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Feb. 28, 2024 FL HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 1, 2024 GA SB 63 Amends the List of Offenses Ineligible for No-Cash Bail Conference Report Adopted - Senate (30 - 17)
March 28, 2024 GA SB 429 Establishes a Commission to Study Allocating Payments for Wrongful Conviction and Imprisonment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 20)
Jan. 25, 2024 GA HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 6)
March 21, 2024 GA HB 301 Limits Law Enforcement Funding for Local Governments with Reduced Immigration Policies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
Feb. 6, 2024 GA SB 332 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Complaints Against Prosecutors Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 22)
May 1, 2024 HI SB 2919 Authorizes Counties to Enact Zoning Ordinances Conference Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 3)
April 9, 2024 HI HB 1595 Establishes a State Pilot Program to Expunge Non-Conviction Arrest Records Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
March 5, 2024 HI SB 2487 Expands the Uniform Controlled Substances Act Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
April 10, 2024 IA HF 2586 Authorizes School Employees to be Issued Permits to Carry Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
March 4, 2024 IA SF 2325 Amends the City Civil Service Commissions Hiring, Testing, and Promotion Policies Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 9)
March 5, 2024 IA SF 2340 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
April 3, 2024 ID S 1354 Establish Provisions for Electroconvulsive Treatment for Children Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
March 14, 2024 ID H 578 Prohibits Religious Discrimination in Adoption and Foster Care Cases Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
March 25, 2024 ID H 620 Prohibits Local Regulation of the Carrying of Knives Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
March 25, 2024 ID H 620 Prohibits Local Regulation of the Carrying of Knives Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
March 4, 2024 ID S 1362 Prohibits display of Certain Flags in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 4)
March 14, 2024 ID S 1413 Prohibits the False Reporting of Violence or Emergency in Public or Private Places Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
March 6, 2024 ID S 1369 Amends Existing laws to Revise Penalties for Vehicular Manslaughter Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 8)
Feb. 8, 2024 ID S 1234 Requires Health Benefit Plans to to Cover Prescription Contraception for a 6-Month Supply Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
March 28, 2024 ID SCR 135 Establishes Opposition to Racism and Hate Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Jan. 25, 2024 ID S 1220 Defines "Domestic Terrorism" in Idaho as Activities Done in Cooperation with Foreign Groups Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
March 11, 2024 ID S 1374 Establishes Provisions Regarding Concealed Weapons on Certain Property Owned by the State of Idaho. Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
April 10, 2024 ID H 538 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Compelling Employees to Use Certain Pronouns or Titles Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 26, 2024 IL SB 3649 Prohibits Forced Partiicpation in Employer Mandated Religious or Political Meetings Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 18)
May 17, 2024 IL HB 4875 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence Including Deep Fakes Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
May 15, 2024 IL HB 4762 Establishes Protections for Performers and other Individuals from Wrongful Use of AI Replicas Bill Passed - Senate (55 - 0)
May 23, 2024 IL HB 5239 Expands Abortion Shield Laws so State and Local Authorities are Prohibited from Providing Information for Out-of-State Investigations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 19)
May 24, 2024 IL HB 4592 Authorizes the Secretary of State to Issue Digital Identification Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
April 12, 2024 IL SB 3762 Establishes the Language and Access Act Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 8)
April 11, 2024 IL SB 2979 Amends Liability Laws for Biometric Data Violations Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 13)
May 2, 2024 IL SB 3649 Prohibits Forced Partiicpation in Employer Mandated Religious or Political Meetings Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 18)
Feb. 29, 2024 IN SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
March 5, 2024 IN HB 1002 Defines Antisemitism as Discrimination on the Basis of the Jewish Religion Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 6)
Jan. 29, 2024 IN SB 14 Authorizes Handgun Usage in the State Capitol Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 9)
Feb. 6, 2024 IN SB 139 Authorizes Psilocybin Treatment Programs and Research Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
Feb. 6, 2024 IN SB 128 Prohibits Schools from Using Learning Materials for Instruction on Human Sexuality Without Board Approval Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 10)
Feb. 22, 2024 KS SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
Feb. 22, 2024 KS SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
March 6, 2024 KY HB 207 Expands Sex Crime Violations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 27, 2024 KY HB 278 Requires Age Verification for Porn Sites and Authorizes Parental Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
March 15, 2024 KY HB 5 Increases Penalties for Violent Crimes and Camping on Public Property Without Permission Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Feb. 15, 2024 KY SB 16 Increases Various Corporate Trespass Laws and Penalties and Limits Whistleblowing Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
Feb. 14, 2024 KY SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/06 SB 28 Establishes a Streamlined Process for Employers to Address Credible Threats of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 1)
5/22 SB 1336 Prohibits Sharing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deep Fake Porn and Establishes it as Felony Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
5/01 HB 2394 Authorizes Public Figures who can Provide Evidence to Debunk a Deep Fake to Obtain Declaratory Relief Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
4/10 HB 2623 Authorizes Individuals Convicted of Prostitution to Vacate the Charge if They are Victims of Sex Trafficking Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 1)
3/06 SB 1613 Expands Laws Pertaining to Theft Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
2/22 SB 1185 Prohibits the Possession of Detached Catalytic Converters Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
3/12 SB 1361 Establishes New Regulations on Sober Living Homes Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 8)
2/21 SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/14 SB 1186 Authorizes Specific THC Products Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
3/31 SCR 1007 Prohibits Discrimination of Certain Firearm Producing Entities Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
5/21 SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
5/22 SB 1128 Establishes Sex Offender Registration and Prohibits Sexual Intercourse with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 3)
5/22 SB 1372 Prohibits Public Airports from Contracting with a Private Third Party to Provide Expedited Security Checkpoints Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
5/22 SB 1144 Prohibits the Sale of Stolen Goods on Online Marketplaces Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
1/30 SB 254 Authorizes Representatives of News Media Organizations Access to Department of Corrections Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
5/21 SB 1286 Amend Sections of the Civil and Financial Code Regarding Debt Collection Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
4/30 SB 24-131 Prohibits Carrying Firearms in Sensitive Spaces Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
5/06 SB 24-053 Establishes an Independent Study on an Evaluation of Racial Equity for Black Coloradans Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
4/30 SB 24-131 Prohibits Carrying Firearms in Sensitive Spaces Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
5/04 HB 24-1216 Establishes Support for Juveniles in the Justice System to Graduate Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
4/22 HB 24-1348 Requires Firearms be Kept in Lock Boxes when in Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
5/07 HB 24-1004 Prohibits Certain Individuals Convicted of Certain Crimes from Receiving Licenses in Specific Occupations that are Directly Related Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
4/22 HB 24-1174 Increases Requirements for Individuals Seeking to Obtain a Concealed-Carry Permit Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
2/21 SB 24-066 Authorizes Tracking Gun and Ammunition Purchases Through Payment Networks Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
2/28 SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
1/18 SB 276 Amends Penalties for Possession of a Weapon in a Safe School and Recreation Zone Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
3/13 SB 203 Expands Codes Related to Official Misconduct Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
3/28 SB 194 Authorizes Pharmacies to Prescribe Prophylaxis Treatment and Prevention Drugs Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
3/13 SB 203 Expands Codes Related to Official Misconduct Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
3/06 SB 7014 Increases the Maximum Fine for Violations of Specified Lobbying Provisions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
2/15 HB 1377 Establishes Exemptions From Public Document Requests Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
2/28 HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/01 SB 63 Amends the List of Offenses Ineligible for No-Cash Bail Conference Report Adopted - Senate (30 - 17)
3/28 SB 429 Establishes a Commission to Study Allocating Payments for Wrongful Conviction and Imprisonment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 20)
1/25 HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 6)
3/21 HB 301 Limits Law Enforcement Funding for Local Governments with Reduced Immigration Policies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
2/06 SB 332 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Complaints Against Prosecutors Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 22)
5/01 SB 2919 Authorizes Counties to Enact Zoning Ordinances Conference Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 3)
4/09 HB 1595 Establishes a State Pilot Program to Expunge Non-Conviction Arrest Records Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
3/05 SB 2487 Expands the Uniform Controlled Substances Act Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
4/10 HF 2586 Authorizes School Employees to be Issued Permits to Carry Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
3/04 SF 2325 Amends the City Civil Service Commissions Hiring, Testing, and Promotion Policies Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 9)
3/05 SF 2340 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
4/03 S 1354 Establish Provisions for Electroconvulsive Treatment for Children Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
3/14 H 578 Prohibits Religious Discrimination in Adoption and Foster Care Cases Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
3/25 H 620 Prohibits Local Regulation of the Carrying of Knives Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
3/25 H 620 Prohibits Local Regulation of the Carrying of Knives Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
3/04 S 1362 Prohibits display of Certain Flags in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 4)
3/14 S 1413 Prohibits the False Reporting of Violence or Emergency in Public or Private Places Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
3/06 S 1369 Amends Existing laws to Revise Penalties for Vehicular Manslaughter Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 8)
2/08 S 1234 Requires Health Benefit Plans to to Cover Prescription Contraception for a 6-Month Supply Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
3/28 SCR 135 Establishes Opposition to Racism and Hate Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
1/25 S 1220 Defines "Domestic Terrorism" in Idaho as Activities Done in Cooperation with Foreign Groups Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
3/11 S 1374 Establishes Provisions Regarding Concealed Weapons on Certain Property Owned by the State of Idaho. Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
4/10 H 538 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Compelling Employees to Use Certain Pronouns or Titles Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/26 SB 3649 Prohibits Forced Partiicpation in Employer Mandated Religious or Political Meetings Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 18)
5/17 HB 4875 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence Including Deep Fakes Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
5/15 HB 4762 Establishes Protections for Performers and other Individuals from Wrongful Use of AI Replicas Bill Passed - Senate (55 - 0)
5/23 HB 5239 Expands Abortion Shield Laws so State and Local Authorities are Prohibited from Providing Information for Out-of-State Investigations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 19)
5/24 HB 4592 Authorizes the Secretary of State to Issue Digital Identification Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
4/12 SB 3762 Establishes the Language and Access Act Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 8)
4/11 SB 2979 Amends Liability Laws for Biometric Data Violations Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 13)
5/02 SB 3649 Prohibits Forced Partiicpation in Employer Mandated Religious or Political Meetings Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 18)
2/29 SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
3/05 HB 1002 Defines Antisemitism as Discrimination on the Basis of the Jewish Religion Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 6)
1/29 SB 14 Authorizes Handgun Usage in the State Capitol Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 9)
2/06 SB 139 Authorizes Psilocybin Treatment Programs and Research Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
2/06 SB 128 Prohibits Schools from Using Learning Materials for Instruction on Human Sexuality Without Board Approval Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 10)
2/22 SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
2/22 SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
3/06 HB 207 Expands Sex Crime Violations Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/27 HB 278 Requires Age Verification for Porn Sites and Authorizes Parental Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
3/15 HB 5 Increases Penalties for Violent Crimes and Camping on Public Property Without Permission Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
2/15 SB 16 Increases Various Corporate Trespass Laws and Penalties and Limits Whistleblowing Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
2/14 SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)

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