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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 5, 2023 AL HB 261 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (83 - 5)
March 15, 2023 AR SB 81 Authorizes Parental Review and Challenge of School Library Books and Curriculum Bill Passed - House (56 - 25)
March 2, 2023 AR SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
March 2, 2023 AR SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
Feb. 1, 2023 AR HB 1156 Requires That Public School Restrooms Be Separated by Sex Bill Passed - House (80 - 10)
April 4, 2023 AR HB 1738 Establishes a Parents Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (80 - 11)
April 4, 2023 AR HB 1738 Establishes a Parents Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (80 - 11)
Feb. 16, 2023 AZ SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2523 Requires Students 17 and Younger to Recite the Pledge of Allegiance in School Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 13)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA AB 1078 Prohibits School Book Bans Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 17)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
June 1, 2023 CA AB 252 Require Certain Universities Share Sports Revenue with Student Athletes Bill Passed - House (42 - 15)
May 31, 2023 CA AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Bill Passed - House (59 - 14)
April 24, 2023 CO SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Bill Passed - House (47 - 16)
March 8, 2023 CO SB 23-084 Extends Federal Student Loan Forgiveness Eligibility to Adjunct Professors Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
April 24, 2023 CO SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Bill Passed - House (47 - 16)
Feb. 9, 2023 CO HB 23-1064 Establishes the Interstate Teacher Mobility Compact to Help With Colorado's Teacher Shortage Bill Passed - House (46 - 16)
Feb. 9, 2023 CO HB 23-1064 Establishes the Interstate Teacher Mobility Compact to Help With Colorado's Teacher Shortage Bill Passed - House (46 - 16)
June 1, 2023 CT SB 1108 Increases Access to Reproductive Healthcare at Public Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (114 - 34)
June 7, 2023 CT SB 1 Establishes Transparency Requirements in Education Bill Passed - House (104 - 47)
June 7, 2023 CT HB 5003 Increases Education Funding By Changing Formula for Funding and Removing Tuition Bill Passed - House (121 - 30)
May 3, 2023 CT HB 6689 Establishes Student Loan Subsidies for Certain Health Care Professionals Bill Passed - House (121 - 23)
May 3, 2023 FL SB 266 Prohibits Higher Education Institutions from Spending Federal or State Funds on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Training Bill Passed - House (81 - 34)
April 26, 2023 FL HB 931 Prohibits Public Institutions from Requiring Students, Faculty, or Staff Take Political Loyalty Tests Bill Passed - House (82 - 34)
March 17, 2023 FL HB 1 Establishes a State Private School Vouchers Program Bill Passed - House (83 - 27)
April 3, 2023 FL HB 733 Amends Middle and High School Hours of Operation Bill Passed - House (92 - 20)
April 3, 2023 FL HB 733 Amends Middle and High School Hours of Operation Bill Passed - House (92 - 20)
March 29, 2023 GA SB 233 Establishes School Vouchers for Parents to Remove Their Students from Bottom 25% Performing Schools Bill Passed - House (98 - 73)
Feb. 27, 2023 GA HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - House (148 - 20)
April 4, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - House (55 - 42)
April 4, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - House (55 - 42)
March 9, 2023 IA SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - House (62 - 34)
May 3, 2023 IA SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (59 - 33)
Jan. 23, 2023 IA HF 68 Appropriates $345 Million Annually of Public Taxpayer Funds for Private "School Choice" Voucher Programs Bill Passed - House (55 - 45)
April 12, 2023 IA HF 654 Authorizes Firearms in Locked Vehicles on School Property Bill Passed - House (62 - 37)
March 8, 2023 IA HF 348 Prohibits Instruction on Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation in Grades K-6 Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
March 9, 2023 IA HF 614 Authorizes Out-of-State Teachers to be Licensed in Iowa Bill Passed - House (96 - 0)
March 31, 2023 ID H 314 Prohibits School Libraries from Distributing Any Material "Harmful to Minors" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 26)
March 30, 2023 ID S 1167 Limits the Scope of the Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - House (51 - 16)
March 31, 2023 ID S 1202 Appropriates $41.3 Million for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (33 - 29)
March 30, 2023 ID S 1212 Appropriates $5 Million for the Postsecondary Career Initiatives Plan for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - House (37 - 30)
Feb. 6, 2023 ID H 24 Appropriates Funding for a State Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - House (36 - 34)
March 8, 2023 ID H 219 Amends Laws Regarding Eligibility for Armed Forces and Police Officer Scholarships Bill Passed - House (65 - 5)
May 17, 2023 IL HB 2471 Amends the School Breakfast and Lunch Program Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 24)
March 24, 2023 IL HB 3713 Requires Clean Air in Classrooms and Schools Bill Passed - House (68 - 35)
March 23, 2023 IL HB 2396 Establishes Full Day Kindergarten for All School Districts Bill Passed - House (87 - 23)
March 23, 2023 IL HB 1633 Requires Schools Teach Native American History in Any Social Studies Course Related to American History Bill Passed - House (75 - 32)
March 24, 2023 IL HB 3600 Requires Schools Send Notice to Families if a Student with a Disability is Removed from Class Bill Passed - House (86 - 16)
March 24, 2023 IL HB 3600 Requires Schools Send Notice to Families if a Student with a Disability is Removed from Class Bill Passed - House (86 - 16)
April 27, 2023 IN HB 1591 Amends Laws Regarding Retention of Records in Public Schools Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 29)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 22)
April 24, 2023 IN HB 1608 Prohibits the Instruction of Human Sexuality in Students From Pre-K Through Grade Three Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 28)
Feb. 22, 2023 IN HB 1407 Establishes Parental Bill of Rights in Education, Health and Mental Healthcare Bill Passed - House (58 - 34)
April 28, 2023 KS SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 37)
April 28, 2023 KS SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 37)
March 15, 2023 KS SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - House (64 - 61)
Feb. 23, 2023 KS HB 2236 Establishes a Parents Bill of Right's for Students in Public and Private Schools Bill Passed - House (75 - 47)
Feb. 23, 2023 KS HB 2238 Requires Transgender Student Athletes Play Against Those of Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (82 - 40)
March 29, 2023 KY SB 150 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors and Human Sexuality Education in Elementary School Veto Override Passed - House (76 - 23)
March 16, 2023 KY HB 538 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Establish Policies on When Disruptive Students can be Removed Concurrence Vote Passed - House (85 - 11)
March 15, 2023 KY SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Bill Passed - House (96 - 3)
March 15, 2023 KY SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
March 15, 2023 KY SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
March 9, 2023 KY HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
March 9, 2023 KY HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 182 Prohibits Public and Private Schools from Requiring the COVID-19 Vaccine Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 28)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 466 Prohibits Classroom Discussion of Gender and Sexual Identity in K-12 Public Schools Veto Override Passed - House (68 - 29)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 399 Requires Vaccination Information Communicated by Schools to Include Exemption Information Veto Override Passed - House (70 - 27)
May 22, 2023 LA HB 205 Authorizes Overtime Pay for Teachers and School Employees Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
May 8, 2023 LA HB 81 Prohibits School Teachers and Employees from Using a Student's Preferred Pronouns Bill Passed - House (62 - 32)
May 2, 2023 LA HB 68 Authorizes Bible Course Study in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
April 10, 2023 MD HB 153 Expands Voting Power for Student Members of Baltimore City School Board of Commissioners Concurrence Vote Passed - House (115 - 24)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 610 Establishes Virtual Education Requirements for Public Schools Bill Passed - House (96 - 38)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 551 Establishes a Service-Year Option for Recent High School Graduates Bill Passed - House (117 - 21)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/05 HB 261 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (83 - 5)
3/15 SB 81 Authorizes Parental Review and Challenge of School Library Books and Curriculum Bill Passed - House (56 - 25)
3/02 SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
3/02 SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
2/01 HB 1156 Requires That Public School Restrooms Be Separated by Sex Bill Passed - House (80 - 10)
4/04 HB 1738 Establishes a Parents Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (80 - 11)
4/04 HB 1738 Establishes a Parents Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (80 - 11)
2/16 SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
2/21 HB 2523 Requires Students 17 and Younger to Recite the Pledge of Allegiance in School Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
9/13 AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 13)
9/07 AB 1078 Prohibits School Book Bans Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 17)
9/11 SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
6/01 AB 252 Require Certain Universities Share Sports Revenue with Student Athletes Bill Passed - House (42 - 15)
5/31 AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Bill Passed - House (59 - 14)
4/24 SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Bill Passed - House (47 - 16)
3/08 SB 23-084 Extends Federal Student Loan Forgiveness Eligibility to Adjunct Professors Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
4/24 SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Bill Passed - House (47 - 16)
2/09 HB 23-1064 Establishes the Interstate Teacher Mobility Compact to Help With Colorado's Teacher Shortage Bill Passed - House (46 - 16)
2/09 HB 23-1064 Establishes the Interstate Teacher Mobility Compact to Help With Colorado's Teacher Shortage Bill Passed - House (46 - 16)
6/01 SB 1108 Increases Access to Reproductive Healthcare at Public Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (114 - 34)
6/07 SB 1 Establishes Transparency Requirements in Education Bill Passed - House (104 - 47)
6/07 HB 5003 Increases Education Funding By Changing Formula for Funding and Removing Tuition Bill Passed - House (121 - 30)
5/03 HB 6689 Establishes Student Loan Subsidies for Certain Health Care Professionals Bill Passed - House (121 - 23)
5/03 SB 266 Prohibits Higher Education Institutions from Spending Federal or State Funds on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Training Bill Passed - House (81 - 34)
4/26 HB 931 Prohibits Public Institutions from Requiring Students, Faculty, or Staff Take Political Loyalty Tests Bill Passed - House (82 - 34)
3/17 HB 1 Establishes a State Private School Vouchers Program Bill Passed - House (83 - 27)
4/03 HB 733 Amends Middle and High School Hours of Operation Bill Passed - House (92 - 20)
4/03 HB 733 Amends Middle and High School Hours of Operation Bill Passed - House (92 - 20)
3/29 SB 233 Establishes School Vouchers for Parents to Remove Their Students from Bottom 25% Performing Schools Bill Passed - House (98 - 73)
2/27 HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - House (148 - 20)
4/04 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - House (55 - 42)
4/04 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - House (55 - 42)
3/09 SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - House (62 - 34)
5/03 SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (59 - 33)
1/23 HF 68 Appropriates $345 Million Annually of Public Taxpayer Funds for Private "School Choice" Voucher Programs Bill Passed - House (55 - 45)
4/12 HF 654 Authorizes Firearms in Locked Vehicles on School Property Bill Passed - House (62 - 37)
3/08 HF 348 Prohibits Instruction on Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation in Grades K-6 Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
3/09 HF 614 Authorizes Out-of-State Teachers to be Licensed in Iowa Bill Passed - House (96 - 0)
3/31 H 314 Prohibits School Libraries from Distributing Any Material "Harmful to Minors" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 26)
3/30 S 1167 Limits the Scope of the Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - House (51 - 16)
3/31 S 1202 Appropriates $41.3 Million for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (33 - 29)
3/30 S 1212 Appropriates $5 Million for the Postsecondary Career Initiatives Plan for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - House (37 - 30)
2/06 H 24 Appropriates Funding for a State Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - House (36 - 34)
3/08 H 219 Amends Laws Regarding Eligibility for Armed Forces and Police Officer Scholarships Bill Passed - House (65 - 5)
5/17 HB 2471 Amends the School Breakfast and Lunch Program Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 24)
3/24 HB 3713 Requires Clean Air in Classrooms and Schools Bill Passed - House (68 - 35)
3/23 HB 2396 Establishes Full Day Kindergarten for All School Districts Bill Passed - House (87 - 23)
3/23 HB 1633 Requires Schools Teach Native American History in Any Social Studies Course Related to American History Bill Passed - House (75 - 32)
3/24 HB 3600 Requires Schools Send Notice to Families if a Student with a Disability is Removed from Class Bill Passed - House (86 - 16)
3/24 HB 3600 Requires Schools Send Notice to Families if a Student with a Disability is Removed from Class Bill Passed - House (86 - 16)
4/27 HB 1591 Amends Laws Regarding Retention of Records in Public Schools Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 29)
4/26 HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (72 - 22)
4/24 HB 1608 Prohibits the Instruction of Human Sexuality in Students From Pre-K Through Grade Three Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 28)
2/22 HB 1407 Establishes Parental Bill of Rights in Education, Health and Mental Healthcare Bill Passed - House (58 - 34)
4/28 SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 37)
4/28 SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 37)
3/15 SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - House (64 - 61)
2/23 HB 2236 Establishes a Parents Bill of Right's for Students in Public and Private Schools Bill Passed - House (75 - 47)
2/23 HB 2238 Requires Transgender Student Athletes Play Against Those of Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (82 - 40)
3/29 SB 150 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors and Human Sexuality Education in Elementary School Veto Override Passed - House (76 - 23)
3/16 HB 538 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Establish Policies on When Disruptive Students can be Removed Concurrence Vote Passed - House (85 - 11)
3/15 SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Bill Passed - House (96 - 3)
3/15 SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
3/15 SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
3/09 HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
3/09 HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
7/18 HB 182 Prohibits Public and Private Schools from Requiring the COVID-19 Vaccine Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 28)
7/18 HB 466 Prohibits Classroom Discussion of Gender and Sexual Identity in K-12 Public Schools Veto Override Passed - House (68 - 29)
7/18 HB 399 Requires Vaccination Information Communicated by Schools to Include Exemption Information Veto Override Passed - House (70 - 27)
5/22 HB 205 Authorizes Overtime Pay for Teachers and School Employees Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
5/08 HB 81 Prohibits School Teachers and Employees from Using a Student's Preferred Pronouns Bill Passed - House (62 - 32)
5/02 HB 68 Authorizes Bible Course Study in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
4/10 HB 153 Expands Voting Power for Student Members of Baltimore City School Board of Commissioners Concurrence Vote Passed - House (115 - 24)
4/10 SB 610 Establishes Virtual Education Requirements for Public Schools Bill Passed - House (96 - 38)
4/10 SB 551 Establishes a Service-Year Option for Recent High School Graduates Bill Passed - House (117 - 21)
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