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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 13, 2023 AK SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 11, 2023 AK SB 52 Requires the Department of Education and Early Development to Provide Information Relating to Public Schools on an Internet Website and other requirements Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
May 5, 2023 AK SB 13 Requires the State University System List Costs of Course Materials in its Course Catalog Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 1)
May 12, 2023 AK SB 140 Increases Funding for Rural School Internet Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 12, 2023 AK SB 140 Increases Funding for Rural School Internet Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 5, 2023 AK SB 13 Requires the State University System List Costs of Course Materials in its Course Catalog Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 1)
May 13, 2023 AK SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 11, 2023 AK SB 52 Requires the Department of Education and Early Development to Provide Information Relating to Public Schools on an Internet Website and other requirements Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
May 8, 2023 AL HB 261 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
March 28, 2023 AR SB 81 Authorizes Parental Review and Challenge of School Library Books and Curriculum Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 5)
March 9, 2023 AR SB 71 Prohibits Affirmative Action Policies in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
Feb. 23, 2023 AR SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
Feb. 23, 2023 AR SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
March 9, 2023 AR SB 71 Prohibits Affirmative Action Policies in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
March 1, 2023 AZ SB 1001 Prohibits Teacher Use of a Student's Preferred Pronouns Unless Given Parental Consent Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 16, 2023 AZ SB 1005 Authorizes Litigation Against Schools that Provide LGBTQ+ Affirming Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 1, 2023 AZ SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
Feb. 28, 2023 AZ SB 1040 Prohibits Students from Using Restrooms that Best Align with Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
Sept. 12, 2023 CA SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA SB 509 Requires Mental Health Education and Training for All Certified Staff Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA SB 509 Requires Mental Health Education and Training for All Certified Staff Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 4 Authorizes Religious Institutions and Nonprofit Colleges to Build Affordable Housing on Their Property Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA AB 1078 Prohibits School Book Bans Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Sept. 12, 2023 CA AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
May 24, 2023 CA SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
May 25, 2023 CA SB 252 Requires the State's Teachers and Employee Retirement Fund Divest from Fossil Fuels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
May 31, 2023 CA SB 760 Requires there be All-Gender Restrooms in Every School Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
April 26, 2023 CO SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
April 26, 2023 CO SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
April 27, 2023 CO SB 23-281 Requires notice of Limited Transferability of College Credits from Some Non-Accredited Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
Feb. 9, 2023 CT HB 6671 Appropriates Funding for School Lunches, Sustainable Aviation, Special Education, and More Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
June 7, 2023 CT HB 5003 Increases Education Funding By Changing Formula for Funding and Removing Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
June 1, 2023 CT SB 1 Establishes Transparency Requirements in Education Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
May 25, 2023 CT SB 1108 Increases Access to Reproductive Healthcare at Public Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
June 30, 2023 DE HB 3 Extends Allowed Student Absences to Mental Health Issues Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
May 2, 2023 FL HB 931 Prohibits Public Institutions from Requiring Students, Faculty, or Staff Take Political Loyalty Tests Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
March 23, 2023 FL HB 1 Establishes a State Private School Vouchers Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
April 28, 2023 FL SB 266 Prohibits Higher Education Institutions from Spending Federal or State Funds on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Training Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
March 27, 2023 GA HB 538 Amends State Education Standards to Improve Reading Proficiency Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
March 13, 2023 GA HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 3)
March 6, 2023 GA SB 233 Establishes School Vouchers for Parents to Remove Their Students from Bottom 25% Performing Schools Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 23)
Jan. 23, 2023 IA HF 68 Appropriates $345 Million Annually of Public Taxpayer Funds for Private "School Choice" Voucher Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
March 22, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
March 22, 2023 IA SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
May 3, 2023 IA SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)
March 30, 2023 ID H 314 Prohibits School Libraries from Distributing Any Material "Harmful to Minors" Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
March 22, 2023 ID H 24 Appropriates Funding for a State Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
March 28, 2023 ID S 1212 Appropriates $5 Million for the Postsecondary Career Initiatives Plan for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
March 31, 2023 ID S 1202 Appropriates $41.3 Million for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 22, 2023 ID S 1167 Limits the Scope of the Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
Jan. 6, 2023 IL HB 5107 Establishes Collective Bargaining Rights for Chicago School Principals but Prohibits Strikes Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 7)
May 10, 2023 IL HB 2528 Requires the Board of Higher Education to Establish a Hunger-Free Campus Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 6)
March 24, 2023 IL SB 2243 Requires Completion of a Statewide Comprehensive Literacy Plan Bill Passed - Senate (53 - 0)
April 27, 2023 IN HB 1638 Establishes New Rules for Retaking School Courses and Reducing Redundant Data Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
April 28, 2023 IN HB 1591 Amends Laws Regarding Retention of Records in Public Schools Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 10)
April 27, 2023 IN HB 1638 Establishes New Rules for Retaking School Courses and Reducing Redundant Data Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
April 27, 2023 IN SB 380 Requires School Corporations to Publish Records Regarding Graduation Rates and Develop Policies Regarding Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 10)
April 27, 2023 IN SB 380 Requires School Corporations to Publish Records Regarding Graduation Rates and Develop Policies Regarding Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 10)
April 10, 2023 IN HB 1608 Prohibits the Instruction of Human Sexuality in Students From Pre-K Through Grade Three Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Feb. 28, 2023 IN SB 12 Establishes a Procedure for Parents to Lodge a Complaint Against a Book in the Schools Library and a Way for the School to Respond Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Feb. 28, 2023 IN SB 391 Authorizes Schools in which 60% of the Building is not Being Used for Classroom Instruction to be Converted to Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 13)
Feb. 28, 2023 IN SB 12 Establishes a Procedure for Parents to Lodge a Complaint Against a Book in the Schools Library and a Way for the School to Respond Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
April 28, 2023 KS SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 16)
April 28, 2023 KS SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 16)
March 9, 2023 KS HB 2238 Requires Transgender Student Athletes Play Against Those of Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
Feb. 23, 2023 KS SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
March 29, 2023 KY SB 150 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors and Human Sexuality Education in Elementary School Veto Override Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
March 16, 2023 KY SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
March 16, 2023 KY HB 538 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Establish Policies on When Disruptive Students can be Removed Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 3)
March 16, 2023 KY HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
March 16, 2023 KY HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Feb. 23, 2023 KY SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Feb. 23, 2023 KY SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/13 SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/11 SB 52 Requires the Department of Education and Early Development to Provide Information Relating to Public Schools on an Internet Website and other requirements Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
5/05 SB 13 Requires the State University System List Costs of Course Materials in its Course Catalog Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 1)
5/12 SB 140 Increases Funding for Rural School Internet Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/12 SB 140 Increases Funding for Rural School Internet Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/05 SB 13 Requires the State University System List Costs of Course Materials in its Course Catalog Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 1)
5/13 SB 99 Establishes Financial Literacy Classes in Alaska Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/11 SB 52 Requires the Department of Education and Early Development to Provide Information Relating to Public Schools on an Internet Website and other requirements Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
5/08 HB 261 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
3/28 SB 81 Authorizes Parental Review and Challenge of School Library Books and Curriculum Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 5)
3/09 SB 71 Prohibits Affirmative Action Policies in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
2/23 SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
2/23 SB 294 Establishes the LEARNS Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
3/09 SB 71 Prohibits Affirmative Action Policies in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
3/01 SB 1001 Prohibits Teacher Use of a Student's Preferred Pronouns Unless Given Parental Consent Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/16 SB 1005 Authorizes Litigation Against Schools that Provide LGBTQ+ Affirming Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/01 SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
2/28 SB 1040 Prohibits Students from Using Restrooms that Best Align with Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
9/12 SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
9/13 SB 509 Requires Mental Health Education and Training for All Certified Staff Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/13 SB 509 Requires Mental Health Education and Training for All Certified Staff Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/11 SB 4 Authorizes Religious Institutions and Nonprofit Colleges to Build Affordable Housing on Their Property Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
9/07 AB 1078 Prohibits School Book Bans Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
9/12 AB 659 Requires All Students be Vaccinated against HPV Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
5/24 SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
5/25 SB 252 Requires the State's Teachers and Employee Retirement Fund Divest from Fossil Fuels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
5/31 SB 760 Requires there be All-Gender Restrooms in Every School Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
4/26 SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
4/26 SB 23-149 Authorizes Higher Education Financial Aid for Youth Mentors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
4/27 SB 23-281 Requires notice of Limited Transferability of College Credits from Some Non-Accredited Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
2/09 HB 6671 Appropriates Funding for School Lunches, Sustainable Aviation, Special Education, and More Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
6/07 HB 5003 Increases Education Funding By Changing Formula for Funding and Removing Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
6/01 SB 1 Establishes Transparency Requirements in Education Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
5/25 SB 1108 Increases Access to Reproductive Healthcare at Public Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
6/30 HB 3 Extends Allowed Student Absences to Mental Health Issues Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
5/02 HB 931 Prohibits Public Institutions from Requiring Students, Faculty, or Staff Take Political Loyalty Tests Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
3/23 HB 1 Establishes a State Private School Vouchers Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
4/28 SB 266 Prohibits Higher Education Institutions from Spending Federal or State Funds on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Training Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
3/27 HB 538 Amends State Education Standards to Improve Reading Proficiency Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
3/13 HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 3)
3/06 SB 233 Establishes School Vouchers for Parents to Remove Their Students from Bottom 25% Performing Schools Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 23)
1/23 HF 68 Appropriates $345 Million Annually of Public Taxpayer Funds for Private "School Choice" Voucher Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
3/22 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
3/07 SF 391 Reduces Student Second Language Requirements and Authorizes Teachers to Teach Multiple Subjects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
3/22 SF 496 Establishes New Educational Standards and "Parental Rights" Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
5/03 SF 560 Appropriates Funding for State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)
3/30 H 314 Prohibits School Libraries from Distributing Any Material "Harmful to Minors" Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
3/22 H 24 Appropriates Funding for a State Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
3/28 S 1212 Appropriates $5 Million for the Postsecondary Career Initiatives Plan for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
3/31 S 1202 Appropriates $41.3 Million for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/22 S 1167 Limits the Scope of the Post-Secondary Career Initiatives Plan Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
1/06 HB 5107 Establishes Collective Bargaining Rights for Chicago School Principals but Prohibits Strikes Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 7)
5/10 HB 2528 Requires the Board of Higher Education to Establish a Hunger-Free Campus Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 6)
3/24 SB 2243 Requires Completion of a Statewide Comprehensive Literacy Plan Bill Passed - Senate (53 - 0)
4/27 HB 1638 Establishes New Rules for Retaking School Courses and Reducing Redundant Data Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
4/28 HB 1591 Amends Laws Regarding Retention of Records in Public Schools Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 10)
4/27 HB 1638 Establishes New Rules for Retaking School Courses and Reducing Redundant Data Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
4/26 HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
4/27 SB 380 Requires School Corporations to Publish Records Regarding Graduation Rates and Develop Policies Regarding Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 10)
4/27 SB 380 Requires School Corporations to Publish Records Regarding Graduation Rates and Develop Policies Regarding Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 10)
4/10 HB 1608 Prohibits the Instruction of Human Sexuality in Students From Pre-K Through Grade Three Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
2/28 SB 12 Establishes a Procedure for Parents to Lodge a Complaint Against a Book in the Schools Library and a Way for the School to Respond Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
2/28 SB 391 Authorizes Schools in which 60% of the Building is not Being Used for Classroom Instruction to be Converted to Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 13)
2/28 SB 12 Establishes a Procedure for Parents to Lodge a Complaint Against a Book in the Schools Library and a Way for the School to Respond Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
4/28 SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 16)
4/28 SB 113 Appropriates Funds for the State K-12 Education Budget for 2024-2027 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 16)
3/09 HB 2238 Requires Transgender Student Athletes Play Against Those of Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
2/23 SB 83 Expands Eligibility for Low-Income Student Scholarships Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
3/29 SB 150 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors and Human Sexuality Education in Elementary School Veto Override Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
3/16 SB 9 Increases Anti-Hazing Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
3/16 HB 538 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Establish Policies on When Disruptive Students can be Removed Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 3)
3/16 HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
3/16 HB 547 Prohibits School Districts from Punishing an Employee for Private Religious Expression Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
2/23 SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
2/23 SB 5 Requires School Boards Create a Systems to Respond to Complaints Over Sexually Explicit Materials in Public Schools. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
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