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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 2, 2018 NY A 10475 Prohibits State Test Scores from Teacher Evaluations Bill Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 2, 2018 NY A 10475 Prohibits State Test Scores from Teacher Evaluations Bill Passed - House (133 - 1)
July 1, 2018 NJ A 3765 Authorizes School Employees with Safety Experience to be Appointed as a School Safety Specialist Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 25, 2018 NJ A 4110 Requires Seat Belts on School Buses Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 25, 2018 NJ A 542 Requires Schools Maintain a Supply of Opioid Antidotes Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
April 12, 2018 NJ A 764 Requires Panic Alarms in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (66 - 6)
May 29, 2018 CA AB 2160 Defines Playground Aides as Classified Employees Bill Passed - House (51 - 26)
March 16, 2018 ID H 665 Increases Penalties for Threats Against Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
March 9, 2018 ID H 665 Increases Penalties for Threats Against Schools Bill Passed - House (52 - 12)
May 17, 2018 RI H 7419 Prohibits Advertising of Unhealthy Food and Beverages in Schools Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
March 15, 2018 AR HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 5)
March 14, 2018 AR HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - House (62 - 16)
March 28, 2018 OK HB 1010 Increases Taxes to Provide More Funding for Education Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
March 26, 2018 OK HB 1010 Increases Taxes to Provide More Funding for Education Bill Passed - House (79 - 19)
Feb. 27, 2018 SD HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
Feb. 13, 2018 SD HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (37 - 28)
March 8, 2018 IN HB 1399 Requires Teacher Licenses for Math and Science Courses Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 11)
March 14, 2018 IN HB 1426 Amends Education Standards Conference Report Adopted - House (71 - 25)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
June 22, 2018 PA HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
March 25, 2018 MS HB 1593 Appropriates Funds for Educational Television Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 16)
April 9, 2018 MD HB 16 Establishes Communication Campaign for Near Completers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 48)
April 18, 2018 CO HB 18-1391 Establishes Requirements for Sexual Misconduct Policies Bill Passed - House (34 - 28)
June 7, 2018 OH HB 21 Amends Certain Charter School Enrollment Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
April 23, 2018 TN HB 2114 Requires Scholarship Students to Complete 30 Credits per Year Bill Failed - House (41 - 46)
Feb. 15, 2018 AZ HB 2172 Authorizes Non-Lethal Weapons on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (35 - 22)
April 4, 2018 TN HB 2331 Requires Schools to Report on Use of Corporal Punishment Bill Passed - House (80 - 1)
April 19, 2018 AZ HB 2563 Establishes Free Speech Policy for College Campuses Conference Report Adopted - Senate (17 - 13)
March 8, 2018 KS HB 2757 Authorizes Public School Teacher Tenure Bill Passed - House (73 - 48)
April 14, 2018 AK HB 287 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 4)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 20)
April 11, 2018 OH HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Bill Passed - House (92 - 2)
April 14, 2018 AK HB 339 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - House (22 - 18)
April 11, 2018 OH HB 360 Requires Additional Anti-Bullying Policies in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (69 - 27)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 46)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Feb. 20, 2018 OR HB 4113 Requires School Districts to Bargain About Class Size Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
March 27, 2018 MD HB 420 Authorizes Certain In-State Students to Receive Financial Aid Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 428 Requires Schools to Allow Student Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
June 6, 2018 NC HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 53)
June 4, 2018 NC HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
June 12, 2018 MI HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
May 9, 2018 CT HB 5170 Authorizes Schools to Search Student Cell Phones Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 540 Amends Teacher Evaluation Process Bill Passed - House (91 - 2)
Dec. 13, 2018 MI HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Dec. 13, 2018 MI HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
March 8, 2018 MI HB 5531 Requires Expulsion of Students Convicted of Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - House (93 - 14)
June 6, 2018 PA HB 564 Requires Civics Test for High School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (167 - 27)
June 20, 2018 OH HB 58 Require Instruction in Cursive Handwriting Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
March 16, 2018 KY HB 604 Requires Mental Health Workers in Schools Bill Passed - House (81 - 1)
May 24, 2018 MI HB 6043 Requires School Districts to Report Inappropriate Conduct within 60 Days Bill Passed - House (88 - 21)
Feb. 21, 2018 FL HB 839 Requires Schools to Display State Motto Bill Passed - House (97 - 10)
June 27, 2018 OH HB 87 Establishes Policies on the Distribution of Funds Returned to the State from Community Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 23)
Feb. 9, 2018 NC HB 90 Limits Public School Class Sizes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 5)
April 3, 2018 IA HF 2467 Establishes Guidelines for Handling Students' Lunch Debt Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
March 14, 2018 National HR 4909 STOP School Violence Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (407 - 10)
June 26, 2018 ME LD 1869 Establishes Total Cost of Education and State and Local Contributions to Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2018-2019 Bill Passed - House (65 - 43)
July 17, 2018 National PN 1391 Nomination of James Blew to Assistant Secretary for Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development for the Department of Education (50 - 49)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
June 25, 2018 NJ S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
Aug. 27, 2018 NJ S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 0)
Aug. 27, 2018 NJ S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
May 2, 2018 RI S 2350 Prohibits Advertising Unhealthy Food in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
April 25, 2018 RI S 2353 Requires Educators to Report Sexual Abuse Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
June 20, 2018 NY S 2493 Prohibits College Funds for Organizations that Promote Boycotts of Allied Nations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 12)
July 12, 2018 MA S 2595 Establishes Commission to Study Lead in Drinking Water at Schools Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 21, 2018 NJ S 2711 Requires Child Abuse Training for Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/02 A 10475 Prohibits State Test Scores from Teacher Evaluations Bill Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/02 A 10475 Prohibits State Test Scores from Teacher Evaluations Bill Passed - House (133 - 1)
7/01 A 3765 Authorizes School Employees with Safety Experience to be Appointed as a School Safety Specialist Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/25 A 4110 Requires Seat Belts on School Buses Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/25 A 542 Requires Schools Maintain a Supply of Opioid Antidotes Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
4/12 A 764 Requires Panic Alarms in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (66 - 6)
5/29 AB 2160 Defines Playground Aides as Classified Employees Bill Passed - House (51 - 26)
3/16 H 665 Increases Penalties for Threats Against Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
3/09 H 665 Increases Penalties for Threats Against Schools Bill Passed - House (52 - 12)
5/17 H 7419 Prohibits Advertising of Unhealthy Food and Beverages in Schools Bill Passed - House (58 - 10)
3/15 HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 5)
3/14 HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - House (62 - 16)
3/28 HB 1010 Increases Taxes to Provide More Funding for Education Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
3/26 HB 1010 Increases Taxes to Provide More Funding for Education Bill Passed - House (79 - 19)
2/27 HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
2/13 HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (37 - 28)
3/08 HB 1399 Requires Teacher Licenses for Math and Science Courses Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 11)
3/14 HB 1426 Amends Education Standards Conference Report Adopted - House (71 - 25)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 4)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
6/22 HB 1448 Requires Lead Testing in School Water Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - House (193 - 1)
3/25 HB 1593 Appropriates Funds for Educational Television Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 16)
4/09 HB 16 Establishes Communication Campaign for Near Completers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 48)
4/18 HB 18-1391 Establishes Requirements for Sexual Misconduct Policies Bill Passed - House (34 - 28)
6/07 HB 21 Amends Certain Charter School Enrollment Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
4/23 HB 2114 Requires Scholarship Students to Complete 30 Credits per Year Bill Failed - House (41 - 46)
2/15 HB 2172 Authorizes Non-Lethal Weapons on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (35 - 22)
4/04 HB 2331 Requires Schools to Report on Use of Corporal Punishment Bill Passed - House (80 - 1)
4/19 HB 2563 Establishes Free Speech Policy for College Campuses Conference Report Adopted - Senate (17 - 13)
3/08 HB 2757 Authorizes Public School Teacher Tenure Bill Passed - House (73 - 48)
4/14 HB 287 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 4)
6/27 HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 20)
4/11 HB 318 Requires New Training Guidelines for School Resource Officers Bill Passed - House (92 - 2)
4/14 HB 339 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - House (22 - 18)
4/11 HB 360 Requires Additional Anti-Bullying Policies in Public Schools Bill Passed - House (69 - 27)
6/12 HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 46)
6/12 HB 4069 Reduces College Credits Required for Substitute Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
2/20 HB 4113 Requires School Districts to Bargain About Class Size Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
3/27 HB 420 Authorizes Certain In-State Students to Receive Financial Aid Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
6/27 HB 428 Requires Schools to Allow Student Religious Expression Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
6/06 HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 53)
6/04 HB 514 Authorizes Municipalities to Form Charter Schools Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 47)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
6/12 HB 5141 Reduces Teacher Certification Requirements for Certain Vocational or Technical Trade Classes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
5/09 HB 5170 Authorizes Schools to Search Student Cell Phones Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/27 HB 540 Amends Teacher Evaluation Process Bill Passed - House (91 - 2)
12/13 HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
12/13 HB 5526 Establishes A to F Letter Rating System For Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
3/08 HB 5531 Requires Expulsion of Students Convicted of Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - House (93 - 14)
6/06 HB 564 Requires Civics Test for High School Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (167 - 27)
6/20 HB 58 Require Instruction in Cursive Handwriting Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
3/16 HB 604 Requires Mental Health Workers in Schools Bill Passed - House (81 - 1)
5/24 HB 6043 Requires School Districts to Report Inappropriate Conduct within 60 Days Bill Passed - House (88 - 21)
2/21 HB 839 Requires Schools to Display State Motto Bill Passed - House (97 - 10)
6/27 HB 87 Establishes Policies on the Distribution of Funds Returned to the State from Community Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 23)
2/09 HB 90 Limits Public School Class Sizes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 5)
4/03 HF 2467 Establishes Guidelines for Handling Students' Lunch Debt Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
3/14 HR 4909 STOP School Violence Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (407 - 10)
6/26 LD 1869 Establishes Total Cost of Education and State and Local Contributions to Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2018-2019 Bill Passed - House (65 - 43)
7/17 PN 1391 Nomination of James Blew to Assistant Secretary for Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development for the Department of Education (50 - 49)
6/21 S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
6/21 S 2 Amends School Funding Formula Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
6/25 S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
8/27 S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 0)
8/27 S 2293 Authorizes a Ballot Measure to Issue $1 Billion in Funds for School Upgrades Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
5/02 S 2350 Prohibits Advertising Unhealthy Food in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
4/25 S 2353 Requires Educators to Report Sexual Abuse Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
6/20 S 2493 Prohibits College Funds for Organizations that Promote Boycotts of Allied Nations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 12)
7/12 S 2595 Establishes Commission to Study Lead in Drinking Water at Schools Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/21 S 2711 Requires Child Abuse Training for Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
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