Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 20, 2021 NJ S 2834 Requires Culturally Responsive Training for Teaching Candidates Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 18)
Dec. 20, 2021 NJ S 2834 Requires Culturally Responsive Training for Teaching Candidates Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
Dec. 20, 2021 NJ S 3319 Repeals Certain Juvenile Justice Penalties Bill Passed - House (50 - 21)
Dec. 14, 2021 National S 1605 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 13)
Dec. 14, 2021 National HR 5665 Combating International Islamophobia Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 212)
Dec. 7, 2021 National S 1605 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Bill Passed - House (363 - 70)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 1 Prohibits Private Employers from Imposing COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 3 Authorizes Exemption from Public Records Requirements for Employee Complaints Alleging Private Employer's Violation of COVID-19 Vaccination Policies or Practices Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 7 Prohibits the State Health Officer from Ordering the Vaccination of Individuals Upon the Declaration of Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 7 Prohibits the State Health Officer from Ordering the Vaccination of Individuals Upon the Declaration of Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - House (82 - 34)
Nov. 17, 2021 OH HB 99 Reduces Training for Armed School Employees Bill Passed - House (59 - 33)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 3 Authorizes Exemption from Public Records Requirements for Employee Complaints Alleging Private Employer's Violation of COVID-19 Vaccination Policies or Practices Bill Passed - House (85 - 31)
Nov. 17, 2021 FL HB 1 Prohibits Private Employers from Imposing COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates Bill Passed - House (78 - 39)
Nov. 17, 2021 OH HB 227 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (60 - 32)
Nov. 16, 2021 PA SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (107 - 92)
Nov. 9, 2021 PA SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 21)
Nov. 9, 2021 PA SB 448 Authorizes Municipalities and Counties to be Sued for Gun Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 19)
Nov. 8, 2021 WI SB 585 Requires Schools to Provide Statistics Relating to On-Campus Crime Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
Oct. 28, 2021 IL HB 3512 Amends Criminal Justice Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 17)
Oct. 26, 2021 PA SB 814 Increases Penalties For Fleeing the Police on Foot Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 15)
Oct. 26, 2021 National HR 2119 Family Violence Prevention and Services Improvement Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (228 - 200)
Oct. 26, 2021 PA SB 814 Classifies Fleeing an Officer Attempting to Arrest and Injuring a Police Dog as a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
Oct. 26, 2021 MI SB 603 Prohibits Emergency Orders that Mandate the Use of Vaccines and Face Masks Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
Oct. 25, 2021 NY S 2630 Relates to certificates of relief from disabilities and certificates of good conduct upon discharge. Bill Passed - House (102 - 47)
Oct. 20, 2021 OH SB 185 Prohibits Local Governments from Confiscating Firearms During Declared Emergencies Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
Oct. 20, 2021 MI HB 5166 Authorizes the Distribution of Opioid Antagonists Bill Passed - House (100 - 4)
Oct. 14, 2021 TX HB 25 Requires Public School Students to Compete in Athletic Competitions Based on Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (76 - 54)
Oct. 7, 2021 NC HB 761 Establishes Police Vehicle and Equipment Protection Act Bill Passed - House (97 - 14)
Oct. 6, 2021 AR HB 1977 Exempts Employees from Federal Mandates and Employer Mandates Related to COVID-19 Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
Oct. 6, 2021 NC HB 761 Establishes Police Vehicle and Equipment Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
Oct. 5, 2021 AR HB 1977 Exempts Employees from Federal Mandates and Employer Mandates Related to COVID-19 Bill Passed - House (68 - 23)
Oct. 4, 2021 PA HB 1893 Expands Access to COVID-19 Data in Order to be Available to the Public Bill Passed - House (113 - 87)
Oct. 4, 2021 PA HB 1893 Expands Access to COVID-19 Data in Order to be Available to the Public Bill Passed - House (113 - 87)
Oct. 4, 2021 AR SB 732 Prohibits the Process Known as "Vaccine Coercion" Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Oct. 1, 2021 AL HB 2 Increases the Number of Inmates who Could be Released Before the End of Their Sentence Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
Sept. 29, 2021 AL HB 2 Increases the Number of Inmates who Could be Released Before the End of Their Sentence Bill Passed - House (77 - 23)
Sept. 29, 2021 AL HB 4 Establishes a Phased Plan to Build New Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
Sept. 29, 2021 AL HB 6 Transfers $154 Million from the State's General Fund for Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (78 - 22)
Sept. 29, 2021 AL HB 5 Transfers $400 Million in COVID-19 Aid from the American Rescue Plan to Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (75 - 25)
Sept. 28, 2021 WI AB 411 Amends Current Anti-Racism and Anti-Sexism Instructions and Training for Employees of School Districts Bill Passed - House (60 - 38)
Sept. 28, 2021 WI AB 414 Prohibit Government Agencies from Holding Employee Training Sessions that Say Individuals are Responsible for Past Acts by People of the Same Race Bill Passed - House (60 - 38)
Sept. 23, 2021 National HR 4350 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Bill Passed - House (316 - 113)
Sept. 15, 2021 NC SB 360 Prohibits Any State Agency from Settling Certain Lawsuits Without the Approval of the General Assembly Bill Passed - House (58 - 47)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 586 Authorizes California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to Strip an Officer's Certification Conference Report Adopted - House (52 - 20)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 586 Authorizes California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to Strip an Officer's Certification Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 9)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 9)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 510 Requires Health Insurers to Cover the Cost of COVID-19 Testing Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
Sept. 10, 2021 CA SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 481 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies Receive Approval Before Acquiring Military-Grade Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 25)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 105 Requires State Boards and Committees to be More Diverse Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 12)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 18)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 490 Prohibits Law Enforcements Agencies from Authorizing Certain Restraint Techniques Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 18)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 481 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies Receive Approval Before Acquiring Military-Grade Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA SB 510 Requires Health Insurers to Cover the Cost of COVID-19 Testing Bill Passed - House (55 - 17)
Sept. 9, 2021 CA AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Sept. 8, 2021 CA AB 1356 Prohibits Patients and Providers at Reproductive Healthcare Facilities from Being Recorded Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 18)
Sept. 8, 2021 CA AB 48 Prohibits Police from Using Tear Gas on Protestors Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 19)
Sept. 8, 2021 CA AB 490 Prohibits Law Enforcements Agencies from Authorizing Certain Restraint Techniques Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Sept. 8, 2021 CA AB 105 Requires State Boards and Committees to be More Diverse Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
Sept. 8, 2021 CA SB 742 Prohibits Interfering with People in Connection with Any Vaccination Services Bill Passed - House (59 - 6)
Sept. 7, 2021 KY HJR 1 Extends the Governor's Emergency Health Order Until January 15th Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
Sept. 3, 2021 CA SB 2 Prohibits the Transfer of Police Officers to Other Departments Following Misconduct Convictions Bill Passed - House (49 - 21)
Sept. 2, 2021 CA SB 16 Expands the Public's Access to Police Records Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
Sept. 2, 2021 CA AB 48 Prohibits Police from Using Tear Gas on Protestors Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Sept. 1, 2021 NC HB 324 Prohibits the Teaching of Certain Topics Related to Racism, Civics, and American History Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 41)
Sept. 1, 2021 CA AB 1356 Prohibits Patients and Providers at Reproductive Healthcare Facilities from Being Recorded Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Sept. 1, 2021 CA SB 16 Expands the Public's Access to Police Records Bill Passed - House (57 - 13)
Sept. 1, 2021 MI HB 4061 Prohibits Using the Public Threat Alert System for Executive Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Aug. 31, 2021 TX SB 6 Amends Cash Bail Laws For Individuals Accused of Violent Crimes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
Aug. 30, 2021 TX SB 6 Amends Cash Bail Laws For Individuals Accused of Violent Crimes Bill Passed - House (85 - 40)
Aug. 26, 2021 NC HB 324 Prohibits the Teaching of Certain Topics Related to Racism, Civics, and American History Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 17)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/20 S 2834 Requires Culturally Responsive Training for Teaching Candidates Concurrence Vote Passed - House (46 - 18)
12/20 S 2834 Requires Culturally Responsive Training for Teaching Candidates Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
12/20 S 3319 Repeals Certain Juvenile Justice Penalties Bill Passed - House (50 - 21)
12/14 S 1605 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 13)
12/14 HR 5665 Combating International Islamophobia Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 212)
12/07 S 1605 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Bill Passed - House (363 - 70)
11/17 HB 1 Prohibits Private Employers from Imposing COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
11/17 HB 3 Authorizes Exemption from Public Records Requirements for Employee Complaints Alleging Private Employer's Violation of COVID-19 Vaccination Policies or Practices Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
11/17 HB 7 Prohibits the State Health Officer from Ordering the Vaccination of Individuals Upon the Declaration of Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
11/17 HB 7 Prohibits the State Health Officer from Ordering the Vaccination of Individuals Upon the Declaration of Public Health Emergency Bill Passed - House (82 - 34)
11/17 HB 99 Reduces Training for Armed School Employees Bill Passed - House (59 - 33)
11/17 HB 3 Authorizes Exemption from Public Records Requirements for Employee Complaints Alleging Private Employer's Violation of COVID-19 Vaccination Policies or Practices Bill Passed - House (85 - 31)
11/17 HB 1 Prohibits Private Employers from Imposing COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates Bill Passed - House (78 - 39)
11/17 HB 227 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (60 - 32)
11/16 SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - House (107 - 92)
11/09 SB 565 Expands Concealed Carry Laws Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 21)
11/09 SB 448 Authorizes Municipalities and Counties to be Sued for Gun Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 19)
11/08 SB 585 Requires Schools to Provide Statistics Relating to On-Campus Crime Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
10/28 HB 3512 Amends Criminal Justice Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 17)
10/26 SB 814 Increases Penalties For Fleeing the Police on Foot Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 15)
10/26 HR 2119 Family Violence Prevention and Services Improvement Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (228 - 200)
10/26 SB 814 Classifies Fleeing an Officer Attempting to Arrest and Injuring a Police Dog as a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
10/26 SB 603 Prohibits Emergency Orders that Mandate the Use of Vaccines and Face Masks Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
10/25 S 2630 Relates to certificates of relief from disabilities and certificates of good conduct upon discharge. Bill Passed - House (102 - 47)
10/20 SB 185 Prohibits Local Governments from Confiscating Firearms During Declared Emergencies Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
10/20 HB 5166 Authorizes the Distribution of Opioid Antagonists Bill Passed - House (100 - 4)
10/14 HB 25 Requires Public School Students to Compete in Athletic Competitions Based on Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (76 - 54)
10/07 HB 761 Establishes Police Vehicle and Equipment Protection Act Bill Passed - House (97 - 14)
10/06 HB 1977 Exempts Employees from Federal Mandates and Employer Mandates Related to COVID-19 Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
10/06 HB 761 Establishes Police Vehicle and Equipment Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
10/05 HB 1977 Exempts Employees from Federal Mandates and Employer Mandates Related to COVID-19 Bill Passed - House (68 - 23)
10/04 HB 1893 Expands Access to COVID-19 Data in Order to be Available to the Public Bill Passed - House (113 - 87)
10/04 HB 1893 Expands Access to COVID-19 Data in Order to be Available to the Public Bill Passed - House (113 - 87)
10/04 SB 732 Prohibits the Process Known as "Vaccine Coercion" Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
10/01 HB 2 Increases the Number of Inmates who Could be Released Before the End of Their Sentence Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
9/29 HB 2 Increases the Number of Inmates who Could be Released Before the End of Their Sentence Bill Passed - House (77 - 23)
9/29 HB 4 Establishes a Phased Plan to Build New Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
9/29 HB 6 Transfers $154 Million from the State's General Fund for Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (78 - 22)
9/29 HB 5 Transfers $400 Million in COVID-19 Aid from the American Rescue Plan to Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - House (75 - 25)
9/28 AB 411 Amends Current Anti-Racism and Anti-Sexism Instructions and Training for Employees of School Districts Bill Passed - House (60 - 38)
9/28 AB 414 Prohibit Government Agencies from Holding Employee Training Sessions that Say Individuals are Responsible for Past Acts by People of the Same Race Bill Passed - House (60 - 38)
9/23 HR 4350 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 Bill Passed - House (316 - 113)
9/15 SB 360 Prohibits Any State Agency from Settling Certain Lawsuits Without the Approval of the General Assembly Bill Passed - House (58 - 47)
9/10 SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 22)
9/10 SB 586 Authorizes California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to Strip an Officer's Certification Conference Report Adopted - House (52 - 20)
9/10 SB 586 Authorizes California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to Strip an Officer's Certification Conference Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 9)
9/10 SB 715 Extends Restrictions on Gun Control Loopholes by Requiring Verification on Hunting Licenses Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 9)
9/10 SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
9/10 SB 510 Requires Health Insurers to Cover the Cost of COVID-19 Testing Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
9/10 SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
9/10 SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
9/10 SB 98 Establishes Journalists Can Cover Events in Areas that Have Been Closed by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
9/09 AB 481 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies Receive Approval Before Acquiring Military-Grade Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 25)
9/09 AB 105 Requires State Boards and Committees to be More Diverse Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 12)
9/09 AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 18)
9/09 AB 490 Prohibits Law Enforcements Agencies from Authorizing Certain Restraint Techniques Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 18)
9/09 AB 481 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies Receive Approval Before Acquiring Military-Grade Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
9/09 SB 510 Requires Health Insurers to Cover the Cost of COVID-19 Testing Bill Passed - House (55 - 17)
9/09 AB 173 Requires the California DOJ to Supply Information to the California Firearm Violence Research Center Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
9/08 AB 1356 Prohibits Patients and Providers at Reproductive Healthcare Facilities from Being Recorded Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 18)
9/08 AB 48 Prohibits Police from Using Tear Gas on Protestors Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 19)
9/08 AB 490 Prohibits Law Enforcements Agencies from Authorizing Certain Restraint Techniques Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
9/08 AB 105 Requires State Boards and Committees to be More Diverse Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
9/08 SB 742 Prohibits Interfering with People in Connection with Any Vaccination Services Bill Passed - House (59 - 6)
9/07 HJR 1 Extends the Governor's Emergency Health Order Until January 15th Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
9/03 SB 2 Prohibits the Transfer of Police Officers to Other Departments Following Misconduct Convictions Bill Passed - House (49 - 21)
9/02 SB 16 Expands the Public's Access to Police Records Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
9/02 AB 48 Prohibits Police from Using Tear Gas on Protestors Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
9/01 HB 324 Prohibits the Teaching of Certain Topics Related to Racism, Civics, and American History Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 41)
9/01 AB 1356 Prohibits Patients and Providers at Reproductive Healthcare Facilities from Being Recorded Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
9/01 SB 16 Expands the Public's Access to Police Records Bill Passed - House (57 - 13)
9/01 HB 4061 Prohibits Using the Public Threat Alert System for Executive Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
8/31 SB 6 Amends Cash Bail Laws For Individuals Accused of Violent Crimes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
8/30 SB 6 Amends Cash Bail Laws For Individuals Accused of Violent Crimes Bill Passed - House (85 - 40)
8/26 HB 324 Prohibits the Teaching of Certain Topics Related to Racism, Civics, and American History Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 17)

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